ROSE FAMILY. 157 



R. lucida, Ehrh. DWARF WILD ROSE. Moist places and swamps, 

 N. Y. to Newf. ; has stem from l-5 high, with stout, more or less 

 hooked spines ; leaflets about 7, rather small, thick and shining, oval or 

 oval-obovate, and coarsely toothed above ; flowers solitary or in loose 

 corymbs, light rose-colored, the calyx lobes hispid and more or less pro- 

 longed, and occasionally notched. 



R. humilis, Marsh. In drier soil, and extending farther W. ; lower 

 (lo_3o^ witn nearly straight spines ; larger and thin dull leaflets ; flowers 

 generally solitary or nearly so, and the outer sepals nearly always 

 lobed. 



R. bldnda, Ait. EARLY WILD ROSE. Rocky banks N. ; l-3 high, 

 with only straight, weak prickles, or commonly none ; 5-7 oval or cuneate 

 blunt and pale leaflets, sometimes hoary beneath ; large stipules ; 1-3- 

 flowered peduncles, and the sepals hispid but entire ; the hip globular ; 

 flower solitary or corymbose, large, in spring or early summer. 



2. BRIER ROSES ; naturalized from Europe, by roadsides and in thickets, 

 or sometimes planted } ' flowering in summer. 



R. rubiginbsa, Linn. SWEETBRIER. Tall, disposed to climb, armed 

 with, strong and hooked, and some slender and awl-shaped prickles; the 

 roundish and doubly-serrate small leaflets downy and beset with russet 

 glands beneath, giving the aromatic fragrance ; flowers mostly solitary, 

 pink ; hip pear-shaped, oblong, or obovate, crowned with the calyx lobes. 



R. can)na, Linn. DOG-ROSE. Roadsides E. ; resembles Sweetbrier, 

 but the leaflets smooth or destitute of aromatic glands and simply serrate ; 

 flowers 3 or 4 together, pink or nearly white ; fruit from nearly globular 

 to oblong-ovate. 



3. EVERGREEN ROSES; naturalized in the Southern States from China; 

 flowering in spring ; the flowers not double. 



R. Icevigata, Michx. (or R. SfNiCA of Aiton). CHEROKEE ROSE. Planted 

 for garden hedges, etc., also run wild S. ; disposed to climb high, armed 

 with strong hooked prickles, very smooth, with bright green and glossy 

 evergreen leaves of mostly only 3 leaflets, and single flowers at the end 

 of the branches, with bristly calyx cup and large pure- white petals. 

 Occasional in greenhouses N. 



R. bracteata, Wendl. BRACTED ROSE. In hedges far S., not common ; 

 has downy branches armed with strong, hooked prickles, 5-9 roundish 

 leaflets, and single large white flowers on very short peduncle, the calyx 

 covered by leafy bracts. 



4. EXOTIC GARDEN ROSES proper ; from Europe and Asia. Merely the 

 principal types ; the greater part of the modern garden roses much 

 mixed by crossing and changed by variation. 



* Styles united in a column which projects out of the calyx cup. Alt with 

 long, rambling shoots, or disposed to climb. 



R. sempervirens, Linn. EVERGREEN ROSE, of S. Not hardy or hold- 

 ing its leaves N. ; with coriaceous, bright-green, oblong leaflets, curved 

 prickles, and nearly solitary white flowers, not double. The AYRSHIRE 

 ROSE is evidently 'an offshoot of R. arvensis, a closely related species. 



R. multiflbra, Thunb. MANY-FLOWERED ROSE. A well-known half- 

 climbing species, from Japan and China, hardy in Middle States, with 

 branches, peduncles, and calyx more or less tomentose ; 5 or 7 soft and 

 somewhat rugose leaflets, slender, scattered prickles, and full corymbs of 

 small flowers, white, pale red, or rose-purple, not sweet-scented. The 

 double form is an old garden rose, but the single form is not common. 

 The POLYANTHA ROSES are offshoots of this, chiefly through hybridization 

 with Rosa Indica. 



