PAKSLEY FAMILY. 203 



8. SIUM, WATER PARSNIP. (Old name, of obscure meaning.) 11 



S. cicuteefdlium, Gmelin. The common species, in water and wet 

 places ; tall, smooth, with grooved-angled stems, simply pinnate leaves, 

 the long leaflets linear or lanceolate, very sharply serrate and taper- 

 pointed, and globular fruit with wing-like, corky ribs ; flowers all sum- 

 mer. Root and herbage poisonous. 



9. FGBNICULUM, FENNEL. (Name from the Latin fcenum, hay.) 



F. officinale, All. (or F. VULG!RE). COMMON F. Cult, from Eu. for 

 the sweet-aromatic foliage and fruit ; stout, very smooth herb, 4-6 

 high ; leaves with very numerous and slender, thread-shaped divisions ; 

 large umbel with no involucre or involucels ; fruit ' or %' long, in late 

 summer. J 



10. CICUTA, WATER HEMLOCK. (Ancient Latin name of the 

 Hemlock.) Flowers summer. 11 



C. maculata, Linn. SPOTTED COWBANE, MUSQUASH ROOT, BEAVER 

 POISON. Tall, smooth stem, sometimes streaked with purple, but seldom 

 really spotted ; leaflets lance- oblong, coarsely toothed or sometimes cut- 

 lobed, veiny, the main veins mostly running into the notches ; fruit 

 aromatic when bruised ; root a deadly poison. Common. 



11. APIUM, CELERY. (Old Latin name.) 



A. graveolens, Linn. A strong-scented, acrid, if not poisonous plant, 

 of Eu. ; of which the GARDEN CELERY is a state rendered bland, and the 

 base of the leafstalks enlarged, succulent and edible when blanched, 

 through long cultivation ; leaves divided into 3-7 coarse and wedge- 

 shaped, cut or lobed leaflets or divisions ; umbels and fruits small. Var. 

 RAPACEUM, CELERIAC, TURNIP-ROOTED CELERY, is a state with the root 

 enlarged and edible. (2) 



12. CARUM, CARAWAY, etc. (Name perhaps from the country, 

 Caria.} (Lessons, Fig. 208.) 



1. CARAWAY, with finely pinnately compound leaves, and white flowers. 



C. Cdrui, Linn. GARDEN CARAWAY. Cult, from Eu., for the " caraway 

 seed," the oblong, highly aromatic fruit ; stem leaves with slender but short, 

 thread-shaped, divisions. This and the next occasionally spontaneous. 



2. PARSLEY, with coarser leaves and greenish flowers. 



C. PetroseTmum, Benth. (or PETROSELINUM SATIVUM). PARSLEY. Cult, 

 from Eu., especially the curled-leaved state, for the pleasant- flavored 

 foliage, used in cookery, chiefly the root leaves, which have ovate and 

 wedge-shaped, 3-lobed and cut-toothed divisions ; fruit ovate. (2) 



13. LEVISTICUM, LOVAGE. (Ancient Latin name.) One species. 11 



L. officinale, Koch. GARDEN L. Cult, in old gardens, from Eu. ; a tall, 

 very smooth, sweet, aromatic herb, with large ternately or pinnately 

 decompound leaves, coarse wedge-oblong and cut or lobed leaflets, a 

 thick root, and small, many -flowered umbels. 



14. ANGELICA. (Angelic, from reputed cordial properties. ) Flowers 

 summer. 11 



A. atropurptirea, Linn. Moist deep soil N. ; strong-scented, smooth, 

 with very stout, dark-purple stem, 3-6 high, large leaves ternately com- 



