PiUMROSE FAMILY. 273 



LXVII. PKIMULACEJ1; PRIMROSE FAMILY. 



Herbs with regular perfect flowers, the stamens borne on 

 the corolla- and as many as its divisions and opposite them, 

 one style and stigma, and many or sometimes few ovules on a 

 free central placenta of the one-celled ovary, in fruit a pod. 



* Plant with hollow, inflated, leafy stems ; the leaves whorled or scattered, the lower 

 ones pinnately parted ; parts of the flower 5. 



1. HOTTONIA. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla short salver-shaped, stamens included. Pod 



opening by 5 clefts down the side, many-seeded. Flowers small, in whorls along the 

 upper part of the stem and branches. 



* * Plant with leaves all from the root and simple; the flowers on a scape. 

 -i- Fibrous-rooted or rhizomatous. 



2. PRIMULA. Calyx 5-toothed or 5-cleft, often angled. Corolla salver-shaped or funnel- 



shaped, with 5 spreading lobes ; the stamens included in its tube. Pod opening by 

 valves or teeth at the top. Flowers in an umbel, which is sessile in one species, but 

 usually raised on a scape. 



8. DODECATHEON. Calyx 5-parted, reflexed. Corolla 5-parted; the divisions lanceo- 

 late, strongly reflexed. Stamens conniving in a long slender cone, the linear anthers 

 very much longer than the short partly monadelphous filaments. Pod splitting into 

 5 valves. Flowers in an umbel. 



- -- Plant with depressed or biscuit-shaped fleshy corm. 



4. CYCLAMEN. Flower resembling that of Dodecatheon, but only one on a scape or 



stalk. Anthers sessile, pointed. 



* * * Plant icith leafy stems, the leaves simple and chiefly entire. 

 +- Leaves in one whorl at the summit of the slender stem ; parts of the flower 7. 



5. TPJENTALIS. Calyx and corolla wheel-shaped, of mostly 7 divisions united only at 



base, those of the former linear-lanceolate, of the latter oblong, of both pointed. Fila- 

 ments united in a ring at base ; anthers oblong, curving when old. Flowers white. 

 +- -t- Leaves generally in pairs or whorls along the stems ; parts of the flower mostly 5. 

 H- Flowers yellow (or in 1 with purple dots). 



6. STEIRONEMA. Calyx 5-parted. Staminodia 5, subulate, alternating with the fila- 



ments, which are distinct or nearly so on a ring at the base of the corolla. Capsule 

 10-20-seeded. Leaves opposite, but often seeming to be whorled, not dotted. 



7. LYSIMACHIA. Calyx 5-G-parted. Staminodia 0. Filaments usually united at the 



base. Capsule few-several-seeded. Leaves opposite or whorled (or even imper- 

 fectly alternate), dotted. 



H- -H- Corolla red, blue, or white. 



8. ANAGALLIS. Corolla wheel-shaped, the 5 divisions broad. Filaments bearded. Pod 



(a pyxis) open by a transverse division, the top falling off as a lid, many-seeded. 

 ---- Leaves alternate along the branching stems ; base of calyx and ovary coherent. 

 9 SAMOLUS. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft, with a little body like a sterile 



filament in the clefts. Stamens included. Pod many-seeded, splitting into 5 valves. 



Flowers small, white, in racemes. 



1. HOTTONIA, WATER VIOLET or FEATHER-FOIL. (Named 

 for Pro/. Ilotton of Holland.) Flowers summer. 2Z 



H. inflita, Ell. A singular plant in pools and ditches, Mass., S. ; 

 smooth, with stems and branches much inflated except at the joints, bear- 

 ing finely cut pectinate leaves ; flowers white. 

 GRAY'S F. r. & G. EOT. 18 



