BORAGE FAMILY. 303 



1. HELIOTROFIUM, HELIOTROPE. (Greek: turning to the sun.} 



* Fruit 4-lobed, and separating into 4 simple nutlets. 

 *- Spikes only in pairs, or the lateral ones solitary ; flowers white. (D 



H. Curassavicum, Linn. Sandy shores and banks from Va. and 

 111., S.; very smooth and pale; leaves oblong, spatulate, or lance-linear, 

 thickish, veinless. 



H. Europceum, Linn. Old gardens and waste places S., introduced 

 from Eu. ; hoary-downy, 6'-18' high ; leaves oval, long-petioled, veiny. 



-- H- Spikes collected in terminal and several times forked cymes. # 



H. Peruvianum, Linn. COMMON HELIOTROPE. Pubescent, with ovate- 

 oblong or lance-ovate, very veiny rugose leaves, and vanilla-scented, pale 

 blue-purple flowers ; woody-stemmed or shrubby house and bedding 

 plants from Peru. 



* * Fruit 2-lobed, separating into 2 carpels, each 2-celled. 



H. Indicum, Linn. INDIAN HELIOTROPE. Hairy low plant, nat. from 

 India as a weed in waste ground S.; with ovate, heart-shaped leaves, and 

 solitary spikes of small purplish flowers, in summer ; a cavity before 

 each seed-bearing cell of the lobed fruit. , (D 



2. CYNOGLOSSUM, HOUNDS'-TONGUE (which the name means 

 in Greek). Flowers summer. Nutlets form burs which adhere to ani- 

 mals and clothing. 



C. officina/e, Linn. COMMON H. Coarse weed from Eu., common in 

 pastures, yards, and roadsides ; leafy, soft-pubescent, with spatulate or 

 lance-oblong leaves, the upper ones closely sessile, crimson purple corolla, 

 and flat, somewhat margined nutlets. @ 



C. Virglnicum, Linn. WILD COMFREY. Bristly -hairy, with simple 

 stem, leafless above and bearing a few corymbed naked racemes of blue 

 flowers, the stem leaves lance-oblong with heart-shaped clasping base, the 

 nutlets very convex. Can., S. ^ 



3. ECHINOSFE'RMUM, STICK-SEED. (Greek : hedgehog and seed, 

 from the nutlets.) 



E. Ldppula, Lehm. Weed of waste grounds, especially N. ; roughish- 

 hairy, erect, l-2 high, with lanceolate leaves, small blue flowers, and 

 nutlets with rough-tubercled back and thickly-prickled margins ; flowers 

 all summer. Eu. 



E. Virginicum, Lehm. BEGGAR'S LICE. Thickets and open woods, 

 a common weed ; 2-4 high, with slender, widely spreading branches, 

 thin, oblong-ovate leaves tapering to both ends, forking and diverging 

 racemes of very small whitish or bluish flowers on pedicels reflexed in 

 fruit, and convex barbed-prickly small nutlets. (g) 



4. BORAGO, BORAGE. (Old name, supposed corruption of cor ago, 

 from imagined cordial properties.) 



B. officinalis, Linn. COMMON B. Cult, from Eu., in old gardens for 

 ornament and as a bee plant; spreading, branched, beset with sharp and 

 whitish spreading bristles ; leaves oval or oblong-lanceolate ; flowers 

 loosely racemed, handsome, blue or purplish, with dark anthers, in 

 summer. 



