434 LILY FAMILY. 



+- +- Anthers kidney -shaped or round heart-shaped, the two cells confluent into one, 

 shield-shape after opening ; styles aval-shaped ; pod 3-horned, septicidal ; seeds 

 commonly flat or thin-margined. 



H- Stem pubescent above, tall and leafy, from a rootstock ; leaves generally broader 

 than linear. 



20. MELANTHIUM. Flowers polygamous, in racemes forming an open pyramidal panicle. 

 Perianth cream-colored, turning green or brownish with age, perfectly free from the 

 ovary, its heart-shaped or oblong and partly halberd-shaped widely spreading divis- 

 ions raised on a claw and marked with a pair of darker spots or glands. Filaments 

 short, adhering to the claws of the perianth, persistent. Seeds several in each cell, 

 broadly winged. Leaves lanceolate or linear, mostly grass-like. Stem roughish- 

 downy above, its base more or less bulbous. 



81. VERATRUM. Flowers polygamous, in panicled racemes. Perianth greenish or 

 brownish, its obovate-oblong divisions narrowed at base, free from the ovary, not 

 spotted. Filaments short. Seeds rather numerous, wing-margined. Leaves broad, 

 many-nerved. Base of the leafy stem more or less bulb-like, producing many long 

 white roots. 



H- -H- Stem glabrous and more slender, generally from a bulb ; leaves linear. 



22. STENANTHIUM. Flowers polygamous, in panicled racemes on a leafy stem. Peri- 



anth white, with spreading and not spotted lanceolate divisions tapering to a narrow 

 point from a broader base, which coheres with the base of the ovary. Stamens very 

 short. Seeds several, wingless. Leaves linear, keeled, grass-like. 



23. ZYGADENUS. Flowers perfect or polygamous, in a terminal panicle. Perianth 



greenish-white, its oblong or ovate widely spreading divisions spotted with a pair of 

 roundish glands or colored spots near the sessile or almost sessile base. Stanu-iis 

 free from and about the length of the perianth. Leaves linear, grass-like ; stem and 

 whole plant smooth. 



24. AMIANTHIUM. Flowers perfect, mostly in a simple raceme. Perianth white, the 



oval or obovate spreading divisions without claws or spots. Filaments long and 

 slender. Seeds wingless, 1-4 in each cell. Leaves chiefly from the bulbous base of 

 the scape-like stem, linear, keeled, grass-b'ke. 



VI. LILY SUBFAMILY PROPER (including Asphodel 

 Family). Distinguished by the single undivided style (or 

 rarely a sessile stigma), and fruit a loculicidal pod. Perianth 

 with all 6 parts generally corolla-like, and in all the following 

 nearly similar. Leaves parallel-veined or ribbed, sometimes 

 with netted veins also. Stem or scape mostly simple. 



* Bulbous plants (bulbs either tunicate or coated) ; stem always herbaceous ; radical 

 leaves not in large clumps. 



+- Stem leafy, especially above, the leaves often whorled or crowded ; divisions of the 

 perianth with a honey -bearing furrow or spot at or near the base ; style long ; 

 stigmas or lobes 3 ; pod packed with 2 roios of depressed and flat soft-coated 

 seeds in each cell. Flowers large, often several. 



25. LILIUM. Flower bell-shaped or funnel-form with the separate or partly united divis- 



ions spreading or recurved above ; the honey-bearing groove beginning at their base. 

 Anthers linear, at first erect, at length versatile. Pod oblong. Bulb mostly scaly. 

 (Lessons, Figs. 107-110.) 



26. FR1T1LLARIA. Divisions of the bell-shaped flower distinct, not at all recurving ; the 



honey -bearing spot above their base. Bulb coated or scaly. Flowers always nodding, 

 often spotted. 



