54 THE GUERNSEY BREED 



ment in the form of the cattle. The peculiar defect of the Jersey or 

 Alderney breed', which is the same, or nearly so, Mr. Dumaresq of 

 St. Peter Port, more than half a century since having sent some 

 (A. D. 1780) handsome stock from Jersey to the then Governor of 

 Alderney, his father-in-law, to improve the Alderney breed in the 

 hind quarters, which are narrow and fall off from the straight line 

 near the tail, or cat hammed; but since the introduction of points, 

 which I may be pardoned' for stating here, the defect has strikingly 

 disappeared, and the beauty and value of the cattle proportionately 

 increased. 



Scale of Points for Cows and Heifers. 



Points 

 "1. Bred on male and female sides reputed' for producing rich 



and yellow butter 3 



"2. Head small, fine and tapering. Eye full and lively. Muzzle 

 fine and encircled with white; horns polished, and' little 

 crumpled, tipped with black; ears small, with an orange color 



within 8 



"3. Back, straight from the withers to the setting of the tail. 



Chest deep and nearly of a line with belly 4 



"4. Hide, thin, movable, but not too loose, well covered with fine 



and' soft hair of good color 2 



''5. Barrel, hooped and deep, well ribbed but having little space 

 between ribs and hips. Tail, fine, hanging two inches below 



the hock 3 



"6. Fore legs, straight and fine. Thighs, full and long, close 

 together when viewed from behind. Hind' legs, short and 

 bones rather fine. Hoof, small. Hind legs not to cross in 



walking 2 



"7. Udder, full and well up behind. Teats, large and squarely 



placed wide apart. Milk veins large and swelling 4 



"Perfection for cows 26 



"Two points should be deducted from the number required for 

 perfection for heifers as their udder and milk veins cannot be fully 

 developed. A heifer shall be considered perfect at 25 points. 



"No prize should be awarded to cows and heifers having less 

 than 21 points. 



"Three more points are recommended to be added for general 

 appearance, size, and condition, which will yet increase the merits 

 of the cows. The chief advantages in specifying points have been to 

 make the farmers perceive what were the defects in their own cows, 

 and to constitute most of them as good judges as the cattle dealers 

 themselves." 



These early scales of points were doubtless revised from 

 time to time. In 1882 the following scale for cows only was 

 published in Vol. 1 of the herd book of the Royal Guernsey 

 Agricultural Society: 



1. Registered pedigree 6 



2. Head rather long and' fine, with quiet and gentle expression.. 3 



3. Cheek small, throat clean 4 



4. Muzzle broad, nostrils wide and open 4 



