The Vineyards of Vincland. 331 



the subsoil as thorough a stirring as I could with one horse. The vines 

 were the best of those which had been temporarily planted the previous 

 spring, and about the roots I put five shovelfuls (Ames's round shovel) 

 of uncomposted muck, which had been thrown out the previous fall, 

 and was well pulverized by freezing and thawing. They made a good, 

 and, generally, a uniform growth, and now average rather better than 

 those planted in 1S67. The yield from that part of the vineyard planted 

 in 1867 and 1868 (six hundred and sixty-four vines) was about two and 

 two fifths pounds per vine ; and for the whole vineyard the amount 

 sold was two thousand six hundred and one pounds. This was less 

 than the yield of most of the others named ; but I am satisfied, as I pre- 

 fer the heavy crops when the vines are fully established. In the fall of 

 1 868 a light dressing of marl was applied to about three fourths of the 

 vines, and some stump aslies — amount indefinite, but small. In future 

 I hope not to be so sparing of fertilizers. 



The conclusions so far taught by obsen'ation and experience here, 

 may thus be summed up : — 



First. That the Concord is healthy, reliable, and profitable, and will 

 thrive on treatment which kills more popular varieties. 



Second. That ground bones and muck are among the best fer- 

 tilizers, and that these can be economically applied at the time of 

 planting. 



Third. That subsoiling is not essential, but that clean cultivation is 

 most important. 



Fourth. That the soil of Vineland is well adapted to grape culture, 

 and that grapes are likely to be among the most profitable of her 

 fruits. 



Fifth. That although much of our cultivation has been crude and 

 irnperfect, the results have very fully proved the capacity of the soil 

 and the adaptation of the climate to this profitable and pleasant branch 

 of fruit cultuie. 



The comparative shipments of grapes in 1S68 and 1S69 indicate 

 how rapidly the cultivation is extending. In the former season the 

 total fell a little short of 26,000 pounds ; last year it increased to 

 254,203 pounds, or over one hundred and twenty-seven tons. The 



