158 STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



killing. Side by side with the Duchess, it stands the climate equally 

 well with that world famous ironclad. In so short a season as that 

 of 1888, Mr. Nutting reports that the fruit did not have time to 

 ripen up into its full perfection of flavor, though the growth and size 

 were entirely satisfactory. The past season, however, 1889, the 

 fruit attained complete perfection, and in every way appears to be 

 equal to that grown in lower latitude. A specimen grown by Mr. 

 Nutting measured twelve inches in circumference, and weighed ten 

 ounces when it came off the tree. This variety grown in that north- 

 ern section keeps well throHgh the winter. Should further experi- 

 ence corroborate the present success with this variety, the people of 

 that locality need not feel very bad if their list of varieties is narrow. 

 The Wealthy is a fruit of high quality, both on the table and in the 

 oook-room. — Maiyie Farmer. 



THE APPLE-TREE BORER. 

 This pest is very common in Maine, and one that demands con- 

 stant care on the part of the orchardisf. There are two varieties of 

 this pest, round-headed and flat-headed borers. The latter is the one 

 of which I will speak as his work can be detected in the winter sea- 

 son when the snow covers the ground. The damage is on the trunk 

 of the tree where it can be seen. The borers commence their 

 destructive business on the sunny side of the trunk and if the tree 

 leans to the north or crooks so that the rays of the sun strike 

 directl}' upon the tree, there is the place where they will be found. 

 The damage done b}^ these borers is very often attributed to sun 

 scald. Sun scald to injure would affect the inside of the bark ; but 

 this will not be found to be the case, if the damage is caused by this 

 insect, at least for quite a while. One man, whose trees were very 

 much injured thought the injury was caused by the oil from the wool 

 of sheep that were pastured among the trees, but a close examina- 

 tion convinced him of the true cause of the trouble. This trouble 

 must not be confounded with canker which will attack the north side 

 of the tree as soon as the south. Trees are never troubled b}' this 

 borer when the trunk is well shaded. If the borer is not destroyed 

 it will eat into the wood, and others will be lodged around the first 

 colony and will continue to spread until the tree is destroyed. The 

 beetle makes its appearance early in the summer, and lays quite a 

 quantity of eggs, and for this reason one of the best remedies is to 



