STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 159 



keep the tree smooth by good cultivation, and scrape off all moss 

 and flakes. If the tree shows any signs of the work, shave the bark 

 slightly so as to destroy all that may be lodged there. 



Of the round-headed borer, that does its work ver}- near the 

 ground, and cuts down and destroys very many trees, not so much 

 may be said of him at this season of the year, for his work is hidden 

 for the present and also is better known by most that have the care 

 of trees. In his operations he dislodges large quantities of saw- 

 dust, and unlike this cousin, the flat-headed borer, is not confounded 

 with other troubles. After close observation I think real cases of 

 sun scald are very few. D. P. True. 



Leeds Center. 



HOW SHALL WE MAKE OLK ANNUAL EXHIBITIOXS MuHE 



USEFUL? 

 By W. P Athkkton, Hallowell. 



Onl}' a few points will be presented and those very briefly. 



First, simplicity of arrangement. This will be accomplished best by 

 having ample space for the tables, so that visitors as well as exhibi- 

 tors shall have free passage around them ; the tables themselves 

 should not be crowded with fruit, but ample space given to every 

 exhibitor, and under no circumstances in a general collection — com- 

 petitive of course — should the duplication of varieties be allowed, 

 and except as wherein allowed by the rules of the Society should a 

 plate contain more than five specimens of apples. If, from a want 

 of space tables are crowded with plates, and plates themselves are 

 crowded with specimens, confusion will arise, mistakes occur and 

 those useful lessons sought to be obtained by a careful study of the 

 different specimens will be lost. 



Second, all abnormal growths in either fruits or flowers should be 

 ruled out entirely, or in some way discouraged. A premium should 

 never be awarded to an abnormally grown specimen. If it is, the 

 effect will be to discourage all honest efforts. But hoiu shall we 

 distinguish between normal and abnormal growth? I know of no 

 other way than by having a correct knowledge of what constitutes a 

 healthily grown specimen. A good gardener ougJit to know whether 

 a big pumpkin or squash has been fed on buttermilk or has derived 

 its growth wholly from natural sources. A good orchardist ought 



