54 FLOWERS OF THE WOODS AND COPSES 



The flowers are numerous, white or purplish, and more or less 

 conspicuous. The pollen is abundant. There is also honey. The 

 flowers are complete, and the anthers mature first. On some the 

 anthers are rudimentary. The styles are turned back, and the plant 

 is sweet-scented and attracts many insects to it, so that it has more 

 chance of being cross- than self-pollinated. The insects that visit it 

 are Syritla pipiens, Helopliilus, Eristalis, Pipizella, Tachina, Echi- 



noinyia, Mesembrina, 

 Scatopkaga, Luc ilia, 

 Sarcophaga, Anthre- 

 nus, Trichius, Tele- 

 phorus, Coccinella, 



Meligethcs, Athalia, 

 Tenthredo, Ichneu- 

 mons, Crabro, Philan- 

 this, Odyneriis, Vespa, 

 Andrena, Argynnis, 

 and a Neuropterous 

 insect Panorpa. 



The fruit, being flat- 

 tened and margined, is 

 blown away with ease 

 by the wind. The fruits 

 are semi-detached on 

 ripening, and they may 

 also be knocked off by 

 passing animals. 



This plant is a 

 humus-loving plant re- 

 quiring a soil in which 

 there is a fair amount 

 of humus. 



The fungi Plasmopora nivca and Protomyces macrosporus infest it. 

 A beetle Lixus turbatus, the Lepidoptera, Swallow Tail ButtcrnY 

 (Papilio uiachaoji}, Triple Spot Pug (Eupithecia trisignata], Depressaria 

 angelicella feed on it, and also Depressaria ciliella and G^cophora 

 flaviniaciilella. 



Angelica, Brunfels, is Latin for angelic, the reference being to 

 supposed properties of a magical kind, and the second Latin name 

 refers to its woodland habitat. 



Angelica is called Ait-skeiters, Ground Ash, Ground Elder, Hem- 



Axe ELICA (Angelica sylvcstris, L.) 



