i- 3 o FLOWERS OF THE ROADSIDES AND HEDGES 



lime-loving plant, but will grow when transplanted on a more rocky 

 soil derived from granite or sand soil. 



Traveller's Joy is infested by one of the cluster-cup fungi, sEcidium 

 clematidis. Ltemophlceus clematidis, a beetle, and the moths Small 

 Waved Umber, Cidaria vitalbata, and Double-striped Pug, Eupithecia 

 pumilata, are insects which feed on it. 



The name Clematis was derived from clema, a sort of vine, and 

 Vitalba, by Dodomeus, from vitis, vine, alba, white. Originally the 

 name was Viorna, adorning the ways. Gerarde in 1597 gave the 

 name Traveller's Joy. 1 The common English names are Bedwine, 

 Beggar-brushes, Bethwine, Bindwith, Climber, Crocodile, Grey-beards, 

 Hag-rope, Honesty, Honey-stick, Lady's Bower, Love-bind, Old 

 Man's Beard, Old Man's Woozard, Robin Hood's Fetter, Smoke- 

 wood, &c. Boys smoke pieces of the stem, hence the last name, and 

 the name Tom-bacca. Used for binding like withies it was called 

 Bindwith, &c. The name Hag-rope means hedge-rope. It was called 

 Devil's Thread in allusion to its supposed association with the Evil 

 One. In pre-scientific days Pliny the naturalist tells us it was used 

 for cleansing leprous sores, because of its caustic nature. It was used 

 for blistering, and the young shoots were pickled for vinegar. Baskets 

 are made from the plant in some districts. It is much used in gardens 

 for forming arbours, and as a climbing plant in gardens. 



ESSENTIAL SPECIFIC CHARACTERS: 



i. Clematis Vitalba, L. Sepals valvate in the bud, carpels awned, 

 achenes with feathery persistent styles, leaves opposite, stem climbing 

 and woody, with tendrils. 



Barberry (Berberis vulgaris, L.) 



Our knowledge of this plant begins with recent times. It is an 

 occupant of the Warm Temperate Zone, occurring in Europe, temperate 

 Asia, N. Africa, and has been introduced into the United States. It 

 is absent from S. Somerset, S. Hants, Hunts, occurring only in Gla- 

 morgan in S. Wales, Denbigh, Carnarvon, and Flint in N. \Vales, 

 S. Lanes in the Trent province; but it does not occur in Mid Lanes or 

 the Isle of Man, though present throughout the W. Lowlands, except 

 Wigtown, and Haddington in the E. Lowlands; in Elgin and Easter- 

 ness only in the E. Highlands. Elsewhere it is found in Westerness, 

 Clyde Isles, and Cantire in the W. Highlands, from Caithness south- 

 wards. It is naturalized in Scotland, ft occurs in Ireland. 



1 On account possibly ot its prevalence along the highways and in hedges. 



