ROADSIDES AND HEDGES 



251 



vegetation, each of which should be studied 

 separately. 



The margin of the macadam forms one zone, 

 the greensward forms a second, and answers 

 to the meadow type of flora. In each case a 

 percentage of the most dominant plants should 

 be made. A note should be made as to the 

 soil characters here, as in the other zones, also 

 the slope, and relation to the tree zone if it be 

 well developed. Any unusual features of this 

 zone, as the occurrence of scrub, of ponds, or 

 streams that sometimes run parallel with the 

 macadam should be noted. Where stone-heaps 

 or gateways with open ground occur these may 

 be treated as units in themselves. 



The intersection of road drains or roadways 

 at right angles to the macadam should be 



noted, and any influences these bring to bear 

 discriminated. 



The next zone, the ditch, is studied as a 

 small stream or river, where it may show em- 

 bryonic zonation or bands of vegetation of 

 different types. When dry it may be con- 

 sidered as a ground flora to the semi-woodland 

 type of hedgerow vegetation. Bridges crossing 

 such ditches should be studied apart, and the 

 special features recognized. 



The hedgerow bank is treated separately, 

 and the influence of the hedge upon the ground 

 flora should be carefully studied. The hedge 

 itself is treated in the same way as scrub, and 

 plants in the hedge bottom as its ground flora. 

 Where walls occur they should be studied as 

 in the section dealing with walls, &c. 



Printed in Great Britain ly R. & R. CI.ARK, LIMITED, Edinburgh, 



