202 FLOWERS OF WASTE PLACES, ETC. 



terous insect, Thrips physapus; 3 moths, Coscinia striata, Feathered 

 Brindle (^Aporophyla a^lstralis}, Marbled Clover (Fleliothis dipsaceus)\ 

 and a Homopterous insect, Orthocephalus saltator, are found upon it. 



Cichorium was the Latin name, and Intybus is Intubus or Endive. 



This beautiful Composite is called Bunk, Chicory, Wild Cicory, 

 Succory. Chicory is also called Barbe de capucin. 



The plant served as a floral index. In Germany, a girl, "after 

 waiting day after clay for her betrothed, at last sank exhausted by the 

 roadside and expired. Before long a star-like flower sprang up on the 

 spot where the maiden's heart was broken and she breathed her last, 

 and it was called the Watcher of the Road." 



The plant is used for chicory for adulterating coffee. The root is 

 roasted and crushed. The root is boiled and eaten, and the leaves 

 also when blanched. It was formerly used in skin troubles and chronic 

 disorders, and as a cooling medicine. 



ESSENTIAL SPECIFIC CHARACTERS: 



176. Cichorium Intybus, L. Stem tall, rigid, striate, bristly, 

 branched, lower leaves runcinate, upper clasping, flowerheads blue, 

 numerous, axillary, subsessile. 



Hawk's Beard (Crepis virens, L. = C. capillaris, Wallr.) 



This common Composite is known from Neolithic beds at Reclhill, 

 near Edinburgh, so there can be no doubt as to its being native. It is 

 found in the North Temperate Zone from Denmark southwards in 

 Europe, and in the Canaries. In Great Britain Hawk's Beard is 

 found in all parts from Caithness to the south coast. It even ascends 

 to a height of 1350 ft. in Derby. It is found in Ireland and the 

 Channel Islands. 



Hawk's Beard is a common weed in many different types of habitat, 

 but perhaps the most certain place in which to search for it is waste 

 ground, where with Groundsel and Shepherd's Purse one is almost 

 certain to find it. It also grows in gardens and along the roadside. 

 It is very frequent along most hedgerows with Nipplewort, and 

 grows commonly on all cultivated ground, in cornfields, &c. It is 

 found as well on wall-tops and the roofs of mud and thatched 

 houses. 



Very commonly confused with other Composites, Hawk's Bearcl 

 may be known by the shape of its flowerheads, small fruits, in- 

 volucre, and the clasping leaves. The stem is erect, branched, 

 angular, finely furrowed, with radical leaves like the Dandelion. 



