28 



FLOWERS OF THE BOGS AND MARSHES 



The flowers are in spikes. The corolla greatly exceeds the calyx, and 

 is salver-shaped, the petals being notched at the extremity. The ob- 

 long anthers are yellow. The raised aerial flower-stalks indicate the 

 plant's former terrestrial origin. The seeds are oval, inserted in a 

 receptacle within the capsule. 



The plant is i ft. in height, and flowers from July to August. It is 

 perennial, propagated by seeds, and worth cultivating. 



The flower is dimorphic. The stamens and pistil are relatively in 



\V\ii-R YIOI.KT (Hullonia palustris, L.) 



Photo. H. Irvin K 



the same position as in Primula. The flowers of the Water Violet 

 may be cleistogamic. Honey is secreted by the ovary. The tube is 

 4-5 mm. in both forms, the male and female organs standing, in one 

 in the entrance, and in the other projecting 3-4 mm. When damp the 

 pollen-grains in the long-styled form are spherules .oil to .014 mm. 

 broad, and in the short-styled form they are .018 to .023 mm. The 

 stigma is rough and velvety in the former, and the papillae are larger 

 than in that of the latter, which is fairly smooth. Organs of equal 

 height are touched by the same parts by insects seeking honey, cross- 

 pollinating the flower legitimately. Those which feed on pollen do not 

 thrust the head into the flower in short-styled forms, and do not touch 



