88 FLOWERS OF THE HEATHS AND MOORS 



shaped, radical leaves which are dark-green, and smooth above, cottony 

 below. The stem is woody, and the leaves are in dense tufts. 



The flowerheads are male or female, the plant being dioecious, the dif- 

 ferent sexes being in separate involucres, or whorls of bracts, on sepa- 

 rate plants. The first Latin name was given in allusion to the awns of 

 the pappus (like Antennae). The flowerheads are pink. The inner scales 

 of the involucre are blunt and coloured. The pappus hairs are silky. 



Since it is a prostrate plant it is scarcely more than 3 in. high. 

 Cat's-foot flowers in June and July. It is perennial, and multiplied by 

 division. 



The plant is dioecious, the flowers tubular, the female ones narrow 

 and thread-like, the male tubular and dilated above. The anthers 

 slightly project, and the style is simple. The flowers are adapted 

 to cross-pollination if insects visit them. 



The achenes are provided with a pappus, being i -seriate, and 

 adapted for wind dispersal. 



Cat's-foot is addicted to a sand soil in which some humus occurs, 

 and is partly a sand-lover or arenophilous, partly a humus-loving plant. 



Neither fungal nor insect pests are known in connection with this 

 rather uncommon plant. 



The name Antcnnaria is from the Latin antenna, because the 

 pappus hairs of the barren florets resemble the antennae of an insect. 

 The second Latin name refers to its dioecious nature. It is called Cat's- 

 ear, Cat's-foot, Moor Everlasting. 



ESSENTIAL SPECIFIC CHARACTERS: 



153. Antennaria dioica, Gaertn. Plant dioecious, stem prostrate, 

 woody, with procumbent shoots, leaves tuftecl, radical leaves woolly 

 below, spathulate, stem-leaves appressed, linear-lanceolate, flowerheads 

 white or rose, in a corymb. 



Common Hawkweed (Hieracium vulgatum, Fr.) 



The present distribution of this Hawkweed is Arctic Europe, N. 

 Asia, and N. America, or the Northern Temperate and Arctic Zones. 

 It is found in every county in Great Britain except E. Cornwall, West 

 Kent, Suffolk, Bedford, Hunts, Pembroke, Flint, Mid Lanes, Isle of 

 Man, Dumfries, Linlithgow, Stirling, N. Aberdeen, Orkneys, that is 

 from Ross southwards, and it ascends to 3500 ft. in the Highlands. 

 In Ireland it is rare. 



The Common Hawkweed is a plant of the heaths and moors, 

 growing at a high altitude, and being ericetal it is also more or less 



