220 



APPENDIX 11 



Order 85. TYPHACE^B 



443- Typha. Plant monoecious ; flowers in long 

 cylindrical spikes; upper male, stamens united, 

 surrounded by hairs; lower female. 



444. Sparganium. Plant monoecious; flowers 

 in round heads; perianth-segments 3-4; stamens 

 free; fruit dry. 



Order 86. ARACE.E (AROIDE^) 



445. Arum. Plant monoecious; leaves hastate; 

 flowers in spadix, enclosed in spathe; perianth o; 

 male flowers of i sessile 2-celled anther; spadix 

 naked above. 



446. Acorus. Flowers bisexual on lateral 

 spadix; perianth-segments 6 ; stamens 6. 



Order 87. Li MV\n i-: 



447. Lemna. Aquatic, floating; stem and 

 leaves none, frond with i or more roots; flowers 

 unisexual, in spathe, from lateral slit in frond; 

 stamens 1-2; anthers 2-celled. 



448. Wolffia. Plant rootless, aquatic, floating; 

 no spathe; stamen i; flowers from surface; anther 

 i -celled. 



Order 88. ALISMACE^ 



449. Alisma. Leaves flat; flowers bisexual, in 

 whorls; stamens 6; carpels numerous, free, in a 

 ring; ovules solitary. 



450. Echinodorus. Flowers bisexual, in umbel 

 or whorl; stamens 6; carpels numerous, free. 



451. Elisma. Leaves floating; flowers bisexual, 

 sub-solitary; carpels numerous, free; stamens 6. 



452. Sagittaria. Plant monoecious; leaves 

 erect, sagittate; flowers whorled; stamens many; 

 carpels free. 



453. Damasonium. Leaves erect, 2; flowers 

 bisexual, in whorls; stamens 6; carpels united 

 below, star-like, spreading. 



454. Butomus. Leaves 3-angled ; perianth- 

 segments 6, rose-coloured; stamens 9; carpels 6, 

 united below. 



Order 89. NAIADACE^E (including PoTAMO- 

 GETONACE.E) 



455. Triglochin. Marsh plants; flowers without 

 bracts; perianth -segments erect; stamens 6; 

 anthers short; carpels free, i-2-seeded; stigma 

 downy. 



456. Scheuchzeria. Flowers with bracts; 

 perianth-segments 6, deciduous, spreading; 

 stamens 6; filaments and anthers long; stigmas 

 feathery. 



457. Potamogeton. Flowers bisexual, in 

 spikes; perianth-segments 4; anthers 4, sessile; 

 styles o; drupes 4, sessile. 



458. Ruppia. Flowers bisexual, 2 together; 

 perianth o; stamens 4; styles o; achenes 4, 

 stalked. 



459. Zannichellia. Plant monoecious; flowers 

 solitary, axillary; male flower: perianth o; i 

 stamen; female flower: perianth bell -shaped; 

 stigma peltate; nuts 2-5. 



460. Zostera. Marine plant; plant monoecious; 

 stamens and pistils in slit of leaf; perianth o; 

 stigmas 2; style i; anther i. 



461. Naias. Plant monoecious; flowers solit;irv, 

 axillary, sheathed; perianth tubular; i stamen; 

 stigmas 2-4. 



Order 90. ERIOCAULONACE^E 



462. Eriocaulon. Plant monoecious; leaves 

 radical; flowers in scaly head; perianth 4-6-fid; 

 stamens 4-6; stigmas 2-; capsule 2-3-celled. 



Order 91. CYPERACE^ 



463. Cyperus. Flowers bisexual; spikelets 

 many-flowered, flattened; glumes in 2 rows, 

 deciduous, all flowering, keeled, many ; fruit 

 chestnut brown. 



464. Eleocharis (Heleocharis). Spikelet soli- 

 tary, terminal, round in section; i of lowest 

 glumes empty; bristles 3-6, included; nut com- 

 pressed, crowned by style base. 



465. Scirpus. Spikelets in clusters, lateral; 

 glumes overlapping, sub-equal; bristles o or 3-8, 

 included; nut 3-angled. 



466. Eriophorum. Spikelets solitary or clus- 

 tered, terminal; glumes sub-equal; bristles longer 

 than glumes, silky; nut 3-angled. 



467. Rhynchospora. Spikelets round in section, 

 in an ovoid head, few-flowered; glumes 6 or 7; 

 bristles 6, slender; nut convex, beaked. 



468. Schcenus. Spikelets flattened, in 2 rows, 

 2-4-flowered ; glumes 6-9, lower barren ; bristles 

 few or none; nut black, not beaked. 



469. Cladium. Spikelets round in section, few- 

 flowered, in several crowded, compound cymes; 

 glumes 5 or 6, lobed, lower empty ; bristles o; nut 

 blunt, with fleshy coat. 



470. Kobresia. Plant monoecious ; spikelets 

 i-2-flowered; spikes close; upper flowers male, 

 perianth o; lower flowers female, with perianth of 

 i scale; fruit not enclosed in perigynium. 



471. Carex. Plant monoecious; male flowers 

 above, female below, as a rule ; spikelets many- 

 flowered, in overlapping spikes, with glumes; 

 female flowers enclosed in a bottle-shaped per- 

 sistent perigynium ; style i ; stigmas 2-3; male 

 flowers of 3 stamens; perianth o; nut enclosed 

 in perigynium. 



Order 92. GRAMINACEJE 



472. Panicum. Spike compound, spreading; 

 spikelets flattened dorsally; glumes 4, unequal; 

 pedicels of spikelets smooth or hairy. 



473. Setaria. Spike cylindrical, compound, 

 interrupted below; spikelets with an involucre of 

 bristles, in dense spike; glumes 4. 



474. Spartina. Spikes erect; spikelets laterally 

 compressed, awnless; style long; glumes 3, un- 

 equal. 



475. Leersia. Spikelets laterally compressed, 

 n loose panicle; glumes o; paleae 2, awnless, 



lower broader. 



476. Phalaris. Spike ovate; spikelets laterally 



