232 



GLOSSARY 



ranged along the inner angle, dehiscing by both 



sutures. 

 Lig-ule, in Grasses a membrane at the base of the 



limb of the leaf; in Composites applied to the 



ray floret corollas. 



Limb, the flat, enlarged part of a leaf or petal. 

 Linear, much narrower than long, with parallel 



borders. 



Linear-lanceolate, between linear and lanceolate. 

 Lipped, having two lips in corolla or calyx. 

 Lithophytes, plants growing on rocks and stones. 

 Littoral, growing on the coast, maritime. 

 Loculicidal, opening down the back, or midrib. 

 Lomentum, a legume with one-seeded joints. 

 Lyrate, pinnatifid, the lobes enlarged upwards, 



with one very large terminal one. 



Melliferous, honey-bearing. 



Mesophytes, plants found on well-watered and 



ventilated soil rich in nutriment. 

 Midrib, the central vein in a leaf. 

 Monadelphous, when the stamens are united by 



the filaments into a column. 

 Moniliform, cylindrical, constricted at several 



points. 



Monocarpic, producing seed once only. 

 Monoecious, with male and female flowers on the 



same plant, in separate flowers. 

 Monopetalous, when the petals are joined by their 



margins to form a tube. 

 Morphology, that part of botany which deals 



with the form, structure, and development of 



plants. 



Mucronate, with a short blunt point. 

 Muricate, covered with spines. 

 Mycorhiza, when roots are clothed with the my- 

 celium of a fungus. 



Myrmecochorous, dispersed by aid of ants. 

 Myrmecophilous, plants which protect ants, which 



in turn ward off enemies. 



Naturalized, introduced, but establishing itself by 



seed. 



Nectary, a gland which secretes honey. 

 Neuter flowers, devoid of stamens or carpels of 



u.se to the plant. 

 Node, point where a leaf or branch is attached to 



the stem. 



Nut, a hard indehiscent one-seeded fruit. 

 Nutation, a spontaneous movement in plants. 



Obovate, ovate, but obtuse apically. 



Ocrea, a membranous stipule around the stem, as 



in Polygonaceae. 

 Ovary, the organ in which the ovules and seeds 



are formed. 



Ovate, egg-shaped, flat. 

 Ovoid, egg-shaped, not flat, but cylindrical. 

 Ovule, the young seed, the macro-sporangium 



enclosing the embryo-sac. 

 Oxylophytes, bog-plants, growing on sour, acid 



soil. 



Palate, the projecting part of the throat of a gap- 

 ing corolla, or base of the lower lip. 



Palea, the inner glume, enclosing the flower in a 

 Grass. 



Palmate, with lobes radiating from a centre like 

 fingers of a hand. 



Paludal, addicted to a marshy habitat. 



Panicle, a raceme with clusters of branched 

 flowers. 



Papilionaceous, butterfly-like, as the flowers of a 

 Pea, Vetch, &c. 



Papilla, a small wart-like protuberance. 



Pappus, the hairy outgrowth of the fruit in Com- 

 posites. 



Parasite, a plant which lives on a living plant and 

 draws nutriment from it. 



Partite, divided not quite to the base. 



Patelliform, disc-like. 



Patent, spreading nearly at right angles. 



Pedicel, a branch from a peduncle which bears a 

 flower. 



Peduncle, flower-stalk. 



Peltate, shield-shaped, with the stalk attached 

 below or above the surface, not to the margin. 



Perennial, plants that live for several years, seed- 

 ing several times. 



Perfoliate, when the stem is encircled by a leaf, 

 almost or entirely. 



Perianth, the outer whorls of a flower, or the 

 calyx and corolla. 



Pericarp, the seed vessel or wall of an ovary which 

 forms a fruit. 



Perigynous, when the corolla and stamens are 

 borne on the calyx, but are not attached to the 

 ovary. 



Persistent, not falling. 



Petal, the division of a corolla. 



Petiole, the leaf-stalk. 



Phaenogamous, furnished with stamens and pistil. 



Phaenology, the recording of the time of flower- 

 ing, budding of leaves, &c. 



Phyllaries, the bracts of the involucre in a Com- 

 posite. 



Physiognomy, the general structure or characters 

 of a floral tract. 



Pilose, with stiff scattered hair. 



Pinnate, with the leaflets arranged on either side 

 of a common stalk. 



Pinnatifid, when the leaf is deeply divided pin- 

 nately almost to the midrib into narrow seg- 

 ments. 



Pinnule, the segment of a bipinnate leaf. 



Pistil, the female part of a flower, including ovary, 

 style, and stigma. 



Pistillate, flowers with pistils and without stamens. 



Pitted, with depressions on the surface. 



Plaited, plicate or folded. 



Plant association, in a botanical formation tliere 

 are groups of different species such as wood- 

 land, grassland, heath, &c. Each group is an 

 association. 



Plant community (see Community). 



Plant-formation, a community of species, such as 

 that of clays and loams, associated together by 

 definite external characters of the habitat ; an 

 expression of certain defined conditions of life 

 (not affected by floristic differences). 



