ROCKS AND WALLS, ETC. 



201 



capsules. The style is short. The stigmas are 

 linear, lobed. The ovary is downy, with long- 

 woolly stalks. The capsules are hairless, conical 

 to ovoid. The plant flowers in August, and is a 

 perennial shrub. 



Salix arbuscula, L. The habitat of this plant is 

 rocks, mountains. The plant has the shrub habit. 

 The plant is small, rigid, prostrate, rooting-. The 

 twigs are yellow downy, then brown. The leaves 

 are ovate, lance-shaped, smooth, shining above, 

 with small teeth, bluish-green, opaque below, 

 i-veined, long-pointed, at first silky below. The 

 catkins are cylindrical, lateral, on stalks bearing 

 bracts, those of the female longer. The scales are 

 inversely ovate to rounded, reddish, blunt, downy. 

 The capsules are conical, reddish, the scales 

 covering the base. The ovary is oblong to ovate, 

 silky. The stigmas are lobed, and thick. The 

 style is long, deeply-cleft. The plant is 1-2 ft. 

 high, flowering in June and July, and is a perennial 

 shrub. 



Least Willow (Salix herbacea, L.). The habitat 

 of this plant is alpine mountains. The plant has 

 the shrub habit, but is very dwarf, herbaceous 

 in appearance. The branches are subterranean, 

 spreading under the ground and stones, giving 

 rise to twigs, with few leaves and flowers. The 

 bud scales, which are brown, are persistent. The 

 leaves are round, smooth above, oblong, blunt or 

 notched, shining, netted, not wrinkled, coarsely- 

 toothed, shortly - stalked, curled, green below. 

 The stipules are ovate, small, or absent. The 

 catkins are oblong, few- flowered, crimson, on 

 2-leaved stalks, and appear with the leaves. The 

 scales are blunt, smooth or downy, inversely 

 ovate, concave. The ovary is more or less stalk- 

 less, ovate to conical, smooth. The stigmas are 

 lobed. The style is short. The anthers are yel- 

 lowish-brown or purple. The capsule is downy. 

 The plant is 2-6 in. high, flowering in June and 

 July, and is a perennial shrub. 



Little Wrinkled Willow (Salix reliculata, L.). 

 The habitat of this plant is Scottish mountains. 

 The plant has the shrub habit. The stem is sub- 

 terranean, dwarf, short, woody, much branched, 

 the branches twisted, sparingly leafy. The 

 leaves are rounded, oblique, strongly veined each 

 side (hence reticulata), wedge-shaped, blunt, or 

 notched, green above, bluish-green below, the 

 margin entire or wavy, the young leaves hairy, 

 the older hairless, and rough above, hoary below. 

 There are no stipules. The catkins are oblong, 

 many-flowered, more or less terminal, on long, leafy 

 stalks, flowering after the leaves. The scales are 

 inversely egg-shaped, purple or yellow. The 

 anthers are purple. The disk is an irregularly 

 lobed cup. The style is short, the stigmas are 

 2-lobed. The capsule is stalkless, hoary, blunt. 

 The plant is 6-24 in. long, flowering in June and 

 July, and is a perennial shrub. 



ORDER ORCHIDACE^E 



Helleborine atrorubens, Roehl. = H. ovnZis, 

 Bab. = H. atropurpzirea, Druce. The habitat of 



this plant is limestone cliffs, &c. The habit, is like 

 that of H. latifolia, but the plant is not so large. 

 The stem is solitary. The leaves are small, egg- 

 shaped to oblong, acute, the upper lance-shaped, 

 the lowest bracts smaller than the leaves, longer 

 than the flowers, but not so long as the fruit. 

 The sheaths are funnel - shaped, close. The 

 flowers are small, dingy-purple, dark-yellow to 

 blackish-red. The stalk is shorter than the downy 

 ovary. The label is oval, scalloped, acute, blunt- 

 pointed, the hunches raised, folded, scalloped 

 above. The plant is 6-18 in. high, flowering in 

 July and August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



ORDER 



Wild Leek (Alhum Ampeloprasum, L. = A, 

 holmense, Mill.). This plant is naturalized, and 

 grows on rocky banks, waste places. The plant 

 has the lily habit. The stem is leafy below. The 

 bulb is large, with stalked bulbils or offsets, and 

 compound. The leaves are keeled, linear, in two 

 rows, folded, with rough edges. The sheaths are 

 cylindrical. The scape is stout. The spathe has 

 a flattened, long beak, falling off, entire. The 

 flowers are numerous, in a round, compact umbel, 

 pale-purple or greenish-white, on unequal stalks. 

 The perianth is white or greenish, the keel of the 

 outer segments roughish. The stamens project, 

 and the anther-bearing point has 3-pointed fila- 

 ments as long as the entire part. The ovary is 

 rounded. The plant is 3-4 ft. high, flowering in 

 July and August, and is a herbaceous perennial. 



Mountain Spiderwort (Lloydia serotina, H. G. 

 L. Reichb. = L. alpina, Salisb.). The habitat of 

 this plant is rocky ledges, mountain cliffs. The 

 habit is the lily habit. The stem and leaves arise 

 separately from the rootstock. The stem is round. 

 The sheaths of the bulb are numerous and loose. 

 The radical leaves are semi-cylindrical, 3-angled, 

 bent inwards. The stem-leaves are not so long, 

 swollen below, sheathing, short. The flowers are 

 white, with reddish lines within, solitary. The 

 perianth-segments are inversely ovate to oblong. 

 The capsule is 3-sided, 3-valved above. The seeds 

 are reddish-brown till they are ripe. The plant is 

 4-8 in. high, flowering in May and June, and is a 

 herbaceous perennial. 



ORDER JUNCACE^E 



Highland Rush (Juncus trifidus, L.). The 

 habitat of this rush is alpine rocks, damp, rocky 

 mountainous places. The plant has the rush 

 habit. It forms dense, tufted masses of root- 

 stocks and sheaths. The stems are wiry, round, 

 rigid, crowded, slender, erect, with one short, 

 awl-like leaf above. The basal sheaths are awned, 

 the upper with a short leaf. The stem-leaf may 

 be absent, and there may be a second head in the 

 axil. The leaves are awl-like, short, sheath-like. 

 The leaf below the inflorescence has a tubular 

 sheath and membranous margins. There are 1-3, 

 pale- brown flowers, with 2 bristle-like, slender, 

 leaf-like bracts between. The perianth-segments 



