208 



BRITISH FLORA 



ORDER GERANIAC&K 



Round-leaved Crane's-bill (Geranium rotundi- 

 folitiM, L. = G. viscidum, Ehrh.). Erect or 

 spreading-, loosely hairy. Leaves as in G, molle, 

 L. Sepals with short awn. Petals longer than 

 sepals, entire, narrow, spoon-shaped, pale-pink; 

 claw smooth. Carpels keeled, not v.rinkled. 

 Seeds dotted. 6-12 in. June. Herbaceous 

 annual. 



ORDER RHAMNACE^ 



Buckthorn (Rhamnus ca/Aarficus, L.). Much 

 branched. Branches opposite, ending in thorns. 

 Bark black. Leaves ovate, coarsely toothed, 

 clustered at ends of shoots, opposite lower down, 

 with spreading veins. Dioecious. Parts of flower 

 in fours. Flowers yellow - green, solitary, or 

 clustered in axils of leaf -clusters. Ultimate 

 flower-stalks very short. Calyx of male flowers 

 bell-shaped ; of female, cup-shaped, with acute 

 lobes. Style 4-cleft. Fruit a round, black drupe, 

 with 4 stones; latter grooved on back. 5-10 ft. 

 May -July. Deciduous shrub. 



ORDER ROSACES 



Dog Rose (Rosa sarmentacea, Woods = R. 

 duma/is, Bechst.). Leaflets smooth, doubly 

 toothed, margin glandular. Flower-stalks naked. 

 Flowers pink. Sepals fall before fruit is ripe. 

 Styles free. 3-8 ft. June. Deciduous shrub. 



Rosa tomentella Lem. (= R. obtusifolia, Desv.). 

 Leaflets small, very downy below, with many 

 scentless glands. Sepals turned back, falling at 

 length. 3-6 ft. June. Deciduous shrub. 



Rosa scabrata, Crt^p. Like R. sarmentacea , 

 Woods, but secondary nerves of leaflets more or 

 less glandular. 3 6 ft. June. 



Rosa Rothschildii, Druce ( = R. caryophyllacea, 

 Auct.). Leaflets scented, doubly-toothed, hairy on 

 midrib and veins below, margin glandular. Leaf- 

 stalks and flower-stalks glandular and acicular. 

 Prickles sickle-like. Flowers pale-rose. Style 

 more or less smooth. Fruit ovate, smooth. 

 Northants, Hunts, and Surrey. 



ORDER UMBELLIFER^E 



Wild Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa, L. = Peuce- 

 danum sativum, B. & H.). Erect. Stem stout, 

 angled, furrowed, hollow. Leaves pinnate, shin- 

 ing above, downy below; leaflets 2-5 pairs, ovate, 

 cut, coarsely toothed. Flowers small, yellow. 

 No involucre. Fruit broadly oblong. Styles very 

 short. 2-3 ft. July. Herbaceous biennial. 



ORDER LABIAT/E 



Hedge Woundwort (Stachys sylvatica, L.). 

 Ascending. Rootstock stoloniferous. Stem solid, 

 rather slender. Leaves stalked. Radical soon 

 withering'. Cauline ovate, cordate, coarsely 

 toothed. Flowers purplish-red, in whorls of 6-12 

 flowers. Lower bracts toothed, upper lanceolate, 

 entire. Bracteoles very small. Calyx-teeth tri- 

 angular, awl-shaped, spinose. Corolla-tube longer 

 than calyx. Lower lip with white markings. 

 Anther-cells spreading. 1-3 ft. July. Herbaceous 

 perennial. 



ORDER ULMACE^E 



Ulmus glabra, Mill. ( = U. ni/ens, Mcench). 

 Habit of Wych Elm. Leaves smooth, shining 

 above, with hairs only in the axils of the veins 

 below. Root sends up suckers. Leaf-stalks 

 smooth when full-grown. 60-120 ft. April. 

 Deciduous tree. 



Huntingdon Elm (Ulmus vegeta = U. scabra 

 [montana] x U, glabra, Mill.). Lower branches 

 ascending. Twigs nearly smooth. Leaves large, 

 stalked, smooth, and shining above, acute, long- 

 pointed. Root with suckers. 



Dutch Elm (Ulmus hollandica, Mill. = Ulmus 

 glabra, Mill, x U. scabra). Lower branches 

 horizontal. Terminal leaves acute, minutely 

 downy. Branches often very corky. Root with 

 suckers. 



Northamptonshire Elm (Ulmus Plotii, Druce 

 = U. minor, Henry = U. sativa, Moss non Mill.). 

 Lower branches pendulous, somewhat one-sided. 

 Bark smooth. Leaves ovate -lanceolate, long- 

 pointed, bluntly toothed. Upper leaves smooth, 

 shining. Young branches nearly smooth. 50-110 ft. 



ORDER SALICACE^E 



Grey Poplar (Populus can escens, Sm.). Leaves 

 roundish, cordate, hoary or smooth below. Leaves 

 on the suckers angled and toothed. Stigma 

 downy. 30-90 ft. March. Deciduous tree. 



Canadian Black Poplar (Populus serotina, Hort. 

 = P. monilifera, Ait.). Leaves broadly triangular, 

 greyish-green. Trunk smooth, branches ascend- 

 ing. Leaf-buds sticky. Catkins loose. Female 

 flowers rare in this country. Tree has a peculiar 

 list, often to the east. 60-90 ft. April. De- 

 ciduous tree. 



Populus del/oidea, Marsh. Differs from last as 

 follows: Crown more regular. Female flowers 

 frequent. Leaves broadly triangular, with heart- 

 shaped base. Margin broadly scalloped, glan- 

 dular. 60-90 ft. March. 



MOUNTAINS, HILLS, AND DRY 

 PLACES 



ORDER COMPOSITE 



Taraxacum spectabile, Dahlst). Differs from 

 T. paludosum in the large, coarsely cut, 4~7-lobed 

 leaves. Grass-green, shining, blotched with dark- 

 crimson. North England, Wales, Scotland, Ire- 

 land. 



ORDER LABIATVE 



Ground -Pine (Ajuga Chamcepitys, Schreb.). 

 Erect. Stems reddish-purple, branched, leafy. 

 Hairs scattered. Radical-leaves withering early, 

 stalked, ovate -lanceolate. Stem -leaves 3-nd, 

 segments linear, entire. Bracts similar, much 

 longer than flowers. Flowers yellow, in many 

 whorls of 2 each. Calyx roughly hairy, teeth 

 narrow, triangular. Lower lip of corolla red- 

 spotted. Nutlets .large, oblong, deeply pitted. 

 3-6 in. May-September. Herbaceous annual. 

 Chiefly on chalk. 



