38 



In the irrigated section where grain is raised, it is customary for 

 the owner of the land to pay all water rentals and furnish the seed; 

 the renter furnishes the livestock and puts in the grain at his own 

 expense. They share the cost of harvesting and divide the produce 

 equally. In orchards, it is a little different, the owner usually requir- 

 ing that the lessee shall pay the expenses of cultivating and handling 

 the crop, and delivering to the owner a percentage of the gross returns. 



For the purpose of this discussion, assume that a man has moved 

 into a dairy region with his family and has worked for a leading 

 dairyman in that section. The leading dairyman discovers in this man 

 unusual ability. He has a dairy of thirty cows and all the necessary 

 implements and live stock for carrying on his business. He agrees to 

 pay for the water that is used and also to pay the taxes, insurance, etc. 

 The renter agrees to take care of the stock and furnish at the end 

 of his period one-half of all stock that has been raised on the farm; 

 also to leave on the place as much hay as there was when he went 

 there, and to keep everything in good shape. As he has a family of 

 several children, it is possible for him to conduct this ranch without 

 hiring additional help. He therefore agrees to pay one-half of his 

 monthly cream check and one-half received from the sale of all produce. 



In addition to the dairy cattle on this farm there are also ten 

 yearling heifers, four mares and six brood sows. The place is leased 

 on June 1st. Thirty cows produce twenty- five pounds of butter fat 

 daily, and at $0.25 per pound, the prevailing price during the month 

 of June, the dairy will produce $187.50 for the month. Six skim milk 

 hogs are sold for $72. The gross income then is $259.50. One-half 

 to the owner leaves $129.75 for the lessee's income. Of this sum $45 

 was paid to a hired man who worked in the hay field. The family 

 expenses were $50, leaving a balance of $30. 



Feed conditions in the irrigated valleys make it possible for cows 

 to freshen in early fall. This is desirable owing to increased prices. 

 Cooler weather also makes dairying easier. 



In July, August, and September the butter fat averaged $0.30 per 

 pound, or $37.50 per month more than in June. The expenses being 

 the same, the net profit was $48 for each of these three months. The 

 hired man was allowed to go at the end of the haying season, October 

 1st. During October, November, and December, there was produced 

 a cream check of $300 per month. As the family did all the work 

 and assuming that their expenses had been about the same, there 

 should be in the bank to the credit of the family on January 1, about 

 $500, and at the end of the first year $1000. In addition to this the 

 renter should have young stock to the amount of several hundred 



