12 



OLEOKESINS OF SOME WESTEKN PINES. 



EXAMINATION OF THE OLEOBESIN. 



The oleoresin of the western yellow pine from the Sierra National 

 Forest, Cal., had a specific gravity of 1.0290 at 15. Following is the 

 average composition shown by four analyses : 



Per cent. 



Volatile oil 18. 5 



Rosin (grade WW, or highest grade) 79. 5 



Chips, needles, etc 8 



Water (by difference) 1.2 



Total 100. 



An analysis of scrape showed the f ollowing composition : 



Per cent. 



Volatile oil 13. 2 



Rosin (grade H, or seventh grade) 84. 9 



Chips, needles, etc 8 



Water by difference 1.1 



Total 100. 



EXAMINATION OF THE VOLATILE OIL. 



PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. 



The specific gravity of the volatile oil was 0.8625; the index of 

 refraction, 1.4772; and the specific rotation, [a] D = -14.39. On 

 fractionation of 500 grams of oil the results given in Table 1 were 

 obtained : 



TABLE 1. Fractional distillation of the volatile oil of Pinus ponderosa from the Sierra 



National Forest, Cal. 



IDENTIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUENTS. 



a-pinene. The first fraction was examined for ^-pinene. Re- 

 distillation over metallic sodium gave two equal fractions boiling 

 between 156 and 164 and 164 and 165 C. The portion boiling 

 between 156 and 164 gave a precipitate with nitrosyl chloride by 

 Wallach's * method. The crystalline pinene nitrosochloride sepa- 



i Annalen, p. 251, vol. 245, 1888. 



