FUSTIC WOOD: ITS- SUBSTITUTES AND ADULTERANTS. 7 



substitution of other woods is likely to be practiced even more exten- 

 sively in the future than at present. Manufacturers of coloring 

 extracts derived from fustic are now forced to compete with the 

 manufacturers of extracts from similar dyewoods prepared by the 

 synthetic process, and the small margin of .profit on the genuine 

 extract increases the temptation to substitute cheaper woods. 



SMOKE-TREE. 



(Cotinus cotinus (L.) Sarg.) 



The wood of the smoke tree, an Old World species, was formerly 

 sold as the young branches of old fustic, and therefore was often 



FIG. 2. Transverse section of smoke-tree wood (Cotinus cotinus). Magnified 50 diameters. 



illed young fustic. It is known also as Aaron's beard, false fringe 

 ie, Venetian sumach, wigtree, young mastic, and Hungarian fustic. 

 It is a large shrub or small tree, yielding sticks from 4 to 6 feet long 

 and seldom over 4 inches in diameter. The heartwood, which is 

 golden yellow, lustrous, and hard, gives a yellow dye for wool and 

 leather. Most of this wood comes from Greece and other Mediter- 

 ranean countries. The available supply, however, is limited. 



