27 



Beets, molasses, grain, and potsrtoes are the principal sources of 

 industrial alcohol in France, the beets and molasses far exceeding 

 other sources in importance. 



GERMANY. 







The general denaturing agent authorized in Germany consists of 

 1 part pyridin (obtained by distillation from coal tar) and 4 parts 

 wood alcohol, to which may be added to each quart approximately 

 1.7 ounces of lavender oil or rosemary oil. In other words, the 

 German denatured alcohol contains 2 per cent of wood alcohol 

 and 0.5 per cent of pyridin, with optionally 0.125 per cent of laven- 

 der or rosemary oil. 



Alcohol js completely denatured for use in motor cars, etc., by 

 the use of 1.25 liters (1.32 quarts) of the general denaturing agent, 

 0.25 liter (0.26 quart) of a solution of methyl violet dye, and 2 to 20 

 liters (2.11 to 21.13 quarts) of benzol to every hectoliter (26.4 gallons) 

 of alcohol. a 



There are many formulas for the incomplete denaturing of alcohol 

 to be used for special purposes, of which the following are typical 

 examples : 



For industrial uses of all kinds: 5 liters (5.28 quarts) of wood alco- 

 hol or 0.5 liter (0.53 quart) of pyridin bases per hectoliter (26.4 

 gallons) of alcohol. 



For various chemical preparations: 10 liters (2.64 gallons) of sul- 

 furic ether, or 1 liter (1.06 quarts) of benzol, or 0.5 liter (0.53 quart) 

 of turpentine, or 0.025 liter (0.026 quart) of animal oil, per 100 

 liters (26.4 gallons) of alcohol. 



For soap making: 1 kilogram (2.2 pounds) of castor oil and 400 

 cubic centimeters (24.4 cubic inches) of soda solution. 



For varnishes and polishes of all kinds: 2 liters (2.11 quarts) of 

 wood spirit and 2 liters of petroleum benzin, or 0.5 liter (0.53 quart) 

 of turpentine. 



The following statistics regarding the production of spirits in Ger- 

 many, the consumption of tax-free alcohol of different classes, and 

 the materials used hi its production, have been compiled by the 

 Bureau of Statistics of the Department of Agriculture as showing 

 the present development of the alcohol industry in Germany: 6 



a Report of the English Industrial Alcohol Committee, 1905. 



b Compiled from Vierteljahrshefte zur Statistik des Deutschen Reichs, 1906. 



299 





