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FIG. 1. Stand of maple saplings in need of thinning 15 



2. The same stand shown in figure 1 after thinning * 16 



3. Tapping the tree : , 19 



4. Common forms of sap spouts 21 



5. Open buckets 23 



6. Hauling tank 24 



7. Plan of a model evaporation house 26 



8. Iron kettle as an evaporator 27 



9. Arch with metal pans for evaporation 28 



10. Sugaring-off outfit 30 



11 . Sirup skimmer 32 



12. Hydrometer and its position in liquid 35 



516 



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