Order 19. Dipterocarpece. 27 



green leaves and small white flowers in terminal racemes ; calyx 

 and corolla at first about equal, stamens 10, fruit small with 3 

 very long wings. Kardal Kardondi. The Ghauts, D. and G-. 



ORDER 20. MALVACEAE. Mallows. 



Leaves alternate, simple, generally lobed, stipulate, sepals 5 

 valvate, often with an involucre or outer calyx, petals 5 twisted, 

 stamens many united into a tube or column, from the sides of 

 which spring very numerous filaments, bearing one-celled 

 anthers ; ovary of several carpels united round a common axis, 

 styles generally the same number as the carpels, more or less 

 united. 



The valvate calyx and stamens united into a column are the 

 special characteristics of this great order (but see Abutilon polyan- 

 druni) ; in many cases the fruit, consisting of the enlarged carpels as 

 above, is also very noticeable. Lobed leaves, jointed pedicels, and 

 showy flowers are of very frequent occurrence. 



Note 1. H. has included in this order as a tribe Bombaceae, 

 previously considered a distinct order, and to that the above 

 remarks do not apply. 



Note 2. In these and all other monadelphous genera, the 

 petals are more or less united at the base, and so the flowers 

 often appear to be monopetalous. 



"The plants of the order are all wholesome, and yield much 

 mucilage, while many produce useful fibres." Le Maout. 



(a) Fruit of ripe carpels, separating from the axis. 



1. MALVA. Downy herbs, involucre of 3 distinct bracts. 



2. SID A. Flowers small, involucre none, carpels generally 

 with 2 awns or beaks. 



3. ABUTILON. Flowers yellow, generally large and haiid- 

 some, involucre none. 



4. MALACHRA. Herbs with flowers in dense heads, usually 

 intermixed with bracteoles ; sepals cup-like below, styles 10. 



5. URENA. Flowers clustered, involucre of 5 bracts ; styles 

 10, ripe carpels often bristly. 



6. PAVONIA. Involucre of 5 or more bracts ; ovary 5-celled, 

 styles 10. 



(6) Fruit capsular. 



7. DECASCHISTA. Involucre of 10 bracts, ovary and capsule 

 10-celled, styles 10. 



8. HIBISCUS. Flowers large, showy, leaves usually palmately 



