[06 The Flowering Plants of Western India. 



In H. the order is divided into nine tribes, but considering the 

 few species we have it seems sufficient to give the simpler division 

 of Lindley, which is followed by Bentham in his English Botany, 

 and by Oliver. 



1. Rosece. Carpels several, distinct from each other and from the 

 calyx. This tribe, besides the many roses (Rosa), includes the straw- 

 berry (Fragaria), the raspberry and blackberry (Kubus), and the 

 well-known garden flowers Spiraea, Potentilla, &c. 



2. Pomece. Calyx superior, ovaries one to five, more or less adhe- 

 rent to the calyx and to each other; fruit containing about five 

 seeds in separate cells in the centre (endocarp), surrounded by a 

 thick fleshy mass (epicarp and mesocarp). This fruit, which is 

 crowned by the calyx segments, is called a pome, from poma, an apple, 

 which is the best type of the fruit. The pear, quince, mountain 

 ash, and hawthorn, also belong to this tribe. 



3. Amygdalece. Calyx inferior, carpel solitary, fruit a drupe. To 

 this belong the almond, cherry, plum, peach, apricot, slop, etc. 



The first of the two genera given below belongs to the third tribe, 

 the second to the first. 



1. PTGBUM. Evergreen trees or shrubs: flowers small in 

 racemes, calyx 5 to 10, toothed, petals minute or none, filaments 

 slender, incurved. 



2. KUBUS. Prickly and straggling shrubs, carpels many on 

 a convex receptacle, fruit of many fleshy one-seeded carpels 

 crowded on a conical receptacle. 



1. PYGEUM. 



P. Gardneri (P. zeylanicum D.) A fine tree with large 

 oval long- pointed smooth leaves, calyx yellowish- white, stamens 

 12, short, fruit broader than long of 2 round lobes, smooth, size 

 of a small plum, long-stalked. 



Mahableshwar. 



2. RUBUS. Bramble. 



E. lasiocarpus. A large shrub, stems smooth glaucous, 

 prickles curved, leaves digitate, leaflets 5 to 7 pleated oval, 

 serrated, white beneath, flowers in terminal racemes red, fruit 

 in appearance between a mulberry and a raspberry, hairy, black 

 when ripe. Gauriphal. 



This appears to be the sort called country raspberry, found, as are 

 the two following, at Mahableshwar and on the highest Ghauts. H. 

 calls it very variable. * jR. moluccanus (R. rugosus, D.), prickles small, 

 leaves cordate, 3 to 5-lobed, downy beneath, stipules jagged, petals 

 white, shorter than the calyx, fruit small round, red or black. Very 

 variable (H.). * R. ellipticus (R. Wallichianus, D.) nearly erect with 

 short hooked prickles and dense brown hairs all over, leaves tri- 

 foliate , leaflets roundish, petals white, fruit round, yellow. 



