244 The Flowering Plants of Western India. 



ORDER 90. VERBENACE-ffi. Vervains. 



Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs, with opposite leaves, without 

 stipules, flowers mostly small, but in large cymes or panicles, 

 calyx tubular persistent, corolla tubular, 2-lipped or with 

 5 nearly equal lobes ; stamens generally didynamous, some- 

 times 2, 5, or 8. Ovary superior, style one, fruit a drupe or 

 berry. 



This is a considerable order, mainly tropical, with some very 

 important and some beautiful species ; but the greater part of those 

 given below are not very remarkable. 



The species of this order are distinguished from those of Scrophu- 

 larinese by their habit, and generally by their fruit. " They have 

 the flowers of Labiatae, except that the ovary is entire with the style 

 proceeding from the top." Bentham. 



Note. I have altered H.'s arrangement of genera so as to bring 

 them together according to their stamens. 



(a) Stamens didynamous. 



1. LANTANA. Straggling shrubs with small flowers in heads, 

 calyx small, entire or slightly lobed, bracts larger, corolla 

 tube slender, lobes 4 or 5 spreading, drupe of 2 pyrenes. 



2. LIPPIA, as No. 1, but fruit a capsule separating into 2 

 pyrenes. 



3. PREMNA. Flowers small, often polygamous, calyx small, 

 cup-shaped, persistent, corolla 2-lipped. 



4. GMELINA. Flowers large, calyx bell-shaped, shortly 

 5-toothed or nearly entire, corolla tube short, lobes 5, anther 

 cells separated, drupe succulent. 



5. VITEX. Leaves digitate, flowers small, calyx as in the 

 last, corolla 2-lipped, the lower lip unequally lobed, anther 

 cells more or less twisted, calyx more or less enlarged in 

 fruit. 



Note. Aricennia below is by some authors said to have didynamous 

 stamens. 



(&) Stamens 4, equal. 



6. CALLICARPA. Calyx very small, minutely 4-lobed, corolla 

 regular 4-lobed, anthers exserted, drupe round, of 4 or less one- 

 seeded pyrenes. 



7. CLERODENDRON. Calyx as in 'No. 4, corolla tube long 

 and slender, lobes 5, spreading, anthers long, exserted, drupe 

 roundish, 4-grooved, separating into pyrenes. 



