338 The Flowering Plants of Western India. 



In gardens Bombay, and wild in the Konkans (D. and #.). 

 Throughout India, and widely cultivated in tropical Asia (ff.). 



Caeumunar, the root of this plant, sometimes called yellow 

 Zedoary, had a great reputation as a drug in Europe in the 17th 

 century, which did not last. * Z. cernuum, leaves narrow, elliptic, 

 spike as in Z. nimmonii, braets yellowish-green, flowers a mixture 

 of pink, white, and yellow. Earn Ghaut (D.). This is known to no 

 one but Dalzell apparently. 



6. COSTUS. 



* C. speciosus. Stem 3 or 4 feet high, leafy, spike at the end 

 of the stem, leaves spirally arranged, oblong, cuspidate, softly 

 hairy beneath, braets ovate, or obovate, bright red ; flowers very 

 large, pure white, the lip roundish, the margins incurved and 

 meeting. Kemuka, kut, ivangcliawa. 



One of the commonest as well as the handsomest of the order (D.). 

 Throughout India (-ET.)- ^ a l go describes it as common in Salsette 

 and the Konkans, so that I consider myself unfortunate never to 

 have met with it. 



7. ALPINIA. 



* A. galanga. Stems 6 or 7 feet high, leafy in the upper 

 part, leaves lanceolate, smooth, flowers in a dense panicle, 

 small, greenish white, the lip obovate, clawed, white veined 

 with lilac, fruit size of a small cherry, orange-red. Kulinjan. 



The margins of the leaves are white, and somewhat callous: the 

 root is galanga major of the chemists (-D.). Wild in the Wari 

 country (D.). Throughout India, widely cultivated (H.). 



The next two are ascribed to the Konkan, apparently on Nimmo's 

 authority alone ; but are widely cultivated (H.). The third is a native 

 of the Eastern Islands, common in gardens. 



. * A. allughas, stem 3 to 6 feet high, covered with the smooth leaf- 

 sheaths, panicle bending to one side, flowers large, of a beautiful 

 rose-colour, capsule round, smooth, black when ripe. Tdraka. This 

 is .5., D. and G.'s description ; but JL. says, "flowers small, corolla 

 segments linear, oblong, greenish-white, lip cuneate, pink." * A. 

 calcaraia, stem 2 to 4 feet high, leaves lanceolate, panicle dense, 

 flowers middle size, corolla segments oblong, greenish-white, lip 

 striped, and spotted with red and yellow, on a pale ground, base 

 spurred ; capsule round, red. A. nulans, very large, leaves oblong, 

 lanceolate, flowers bell-shaped, red, yellow, and pink, very brilliant. 

 Puna champa, nag damani. 



Anomum, flowers in a dense spike, filament short, anther cells 

 diverging above, connective crested or 2-lobed. The only species 

 (out of 48) attributed to this Presidency, and that on Stocks' 

 authority, as in the Konkan, is *A. microstephanum, stem 4 feet 

 high, leaves large, lanceolate, spike round, flowers white, corolla 



