ROSE TRIBE. 177 



nished with glands which secrete a fragrant viscid fluid. 

 From the pulp of the fruit, called a hip, is made a con- 

 serve, .which is used in the preparation of various 

 medicines ; and the woody stems of the Dog-rose have 

 of late years been much sought after for making walk- 

 ing sticks. 



15. EOSA (Eose). Calyx urn-shaped, contracted at 

 the mouth, and terminating in 5, often leaf-like, divi- 

 sions ; petals 5 ; stamens numerous ; seeds numerous. 

 (Name from the Latin, rosa, and that from the Greek, 

 rhodon, its ancient names.) 



Sub-order VI. POME^. The Apple Group. 



In the plants of this division the fruit is what is called 

 a pome ; that is, the tube of the calyx enlarges and 

 becomes a fleshy or mealy fruit, enclosing 1 5 cells, 

 which are either horny, as in the Apple, or bony, as in 

 the Medlar. The Apple Group contains many well- 

 known fruit-trees, namely the Apple, Pear, Quince, 

 Medlar, Service, Mountain-Ash, and Hawthorn. The 

 seeds, and occasionally the flower and bark of some, 

 yield prussic acid All the cultivated varieties of Apple 

 are derived from the wild Apple, or Crab, Pyrus Malus ; 

 the garden Pears from a thorny tree, with hard astrin- 

 gent fruit, Pyrus communis. The wood of the Pear is 

 very close-grained, and is sometimes used by wood- 

 engravers. The fruit of the Mountain Ash, and some 

 other species, yields malic acid, and the leaves prussic 

 acid, in as great abundance as the Laurel. All the plants 

 of this division are either trees or shrubs. 



16. PYRUS (Pear, Apple, Service, and Mountain Ash). 

 Calyx 5-cleft ; petals 5 ; styles 2 5 ; fruit fleshy, or 

 juicy, with 5 horny, 2-seeded cells. (Name from the 

 Latin pyrus, a pear.) 



17. MESPILUS (Medlar). Calyx 5-cleft, divisions leaf- 

 like ; petals 5 ; styles 2 5 ; fruit fleshy, top-shaped, 



