324: COMPOSITE. 



3. PICRIS. Involucre of 1 row of equal, upright scales, 

 with several small spreading ones at the base ; receptacle 

 lightly dotted ; fruit rough with transverse ridges, not 

 beaked ; pappus of two rows, the inner only feathery. 

 (Name from the Greek picros, bitter.) 



4. APARGIA (Hawk-bit). Involucre unequally imbri- 

 cated, with the outer scales smaller, black and hairy, in 

 several rows ; receptacle lightly dotted ; fruit tapering 

 to a point ; pappus of 1 row, feathery. (Name of un- 

 certain origin.) 



5. THRINCIA. Involucre of 1 row, with a few scales 

 at the base ; receptacle lightly dotted ; fruit of the outer 

 florets scarcely beaked ; pappus a chaffy fringed crown ; 

 fruit of the inner florets beaked ; pappus feathery. 

 (Name from the Greek thrincos, a battlement, from the 

 form of the seed-crown of the marginal florets.) 



6. HYPOCH^ERIS (Cat's-ear). Involucre oblong, imbri- 

 cated ; receptacle chaffy ; fruit rough, often beaked ; 

 pappus feathery, often with a row of short bristles 

 outside. (Name in Greek denoting its fitness for 

 hogs.) 



7. LACTUCA (Lettuce). Involucre oblong, imbricated, 

 its scales membranous at the margin, containing but few 

 flowers ; receptacle naked ; fruit flattened, beaked ; 

 pappus hairy. (Name from lac, milk, which the juice 

 resembles in colour.) 



8. SONCHUS (Sow-thistle). Involucre imbricated, 

 with 2 or 3 rows of unequal scales, swollen at the base ; 

 receptacle naked ; fruit flattened, transversely wrinkled, 

 not beaked ; pappus hairy. (Name in Greek, bearing 

 allusion to the soft nature of the stems.) 



9. CREPIS (Hawk's-beard). Involucre double, inner 

 of 1 row, outer of short, loose scales ; receptacle naked; 

 fruit not flattened, furrowed, tapering upwards ; pappus, 

 a tuft of soft, white down. (Name in Greek signifying 

 a slipper, but why given to this plant is not known.) 



10. HIERACIUM (Hawk-weed). Involucre imbricated, 

 with numerous oblong scales ; receptacle dotted ; fruit 



