346 COMPOSITE. 



on the chalky hills about Norwich, I have found the 

 study of nature an increasing source of unalloyed 

 pleasure, and a consolation and a refuge under every 

 pain." 



II. CrNAROcpHAL.E. Thistle Group. 



14. ARCTIUM (Bur-dock). 



1. A. Lappa (Common Bur-dock). The only British 

 species. Waste places ; common. A large and stout 

 herbaceous plant, remarkable for the picturesque cha- 

 racter of its wavy leaves, (which are often introduced by 

 artists into the foreground of their landscapes,) and 

 for the round heads of purple flowers, inclosed in a glo- 

 bular involucre of hooked scales, by help of which the 

 seeds are attached to the coats of animals, and conveyed 

 to a distance. The scales are often interwoven with a 

 white cottony substance. EL July, August. Biennial. 



15. SERRATULA (Saw-wort). 



S. tinctoria (Common Saw-wort). The only British 

 species. Pastures ; frequent. A slender plant, 1 2 

 feet high, with a stiff erect stem, slightly branched above, 

 deeply cut and serrated leaves, and small terminal heads 

 of purple flowers ; the outer scales of the involucre are 

 smooth and close pressed, the inner tinged with purple. 

 Fl. August. Perennial. 



16. SAUSSUREA. 



1. S. alpina (Alpine Saussurea). The only British 

 species, found on Snowdon and the Highland mountains. 

 The stem is from 8 12 inches high ; the leaves cot- 

 tony beneath ; and the flowers light purple, in a terminal 

 cluster. Fl. August. Perennial. 



