382 CAMPANULACE.E. 



2. A. Ptdrmica (Sneeze-wort). Leaves undivided, 

 very narrow, and tapering to a sharp point, serrated. 

 Meadows, and waste ground, not uncommon. Some- 

 what taller and slenderer than the last, from which it 

 may be at once distinguished by its undivided leaves 

 and larger heads of flowers, of which both the disk and 

 ray are white. The pounded leaves have been used as 

 snuff; hence its name. Fl. July, August. Perennial. 



* A. tomentosa (Woolly Yellow Yarrow) is very rare, 

 and a doubtful native ; its leaves are repeatedly divided 

 and woolly, the flowers bright yellow. 



ORD. XLVIL CAMP ANULACE^. THE BELL- 

 FLOWER TRIBE. 



Calyx growing from the ovary, 5-lobed, remaining 

 till the fruit ripens ; corolla of one petal, rising from 

 the mouth of the calyx, 5-lobed, regular, withering on 

 the fruit ; stamens equalling in number the lobes of the 

 corolla, and alternate with them ; anthers not united 

 (except in Jasione) ; ovary inferior, of 2, or more, 

 many- seeded cells ; style 1, covered with hairs ; stigma 

 simple, or with as many lobes as the ovary has cells ; 

 fruit dry, crowned by the withered calyx and corolla, 

 splitting, or opening by valves, at the side or top ; 

 seeds numerous, fixed to a central column. Herbaceous 

 or slightly shrubby plants, with a milky bitter juice, 

 mostly alternate leaves without stipules, and showy 

 blue or white flowers, inhabiting principally the tem- 

 perate regions of the northern hemisphere. Many 

 species are highly ornamental, but very few are valuable 

 either as food or medicine. The roots of Campanula 

 Rapunculus, under the name of Eampioii or Eamps, 

 were formerly cultivated in this country for the table, 

 but are now scarcely known. 



1. CAMPANULA (Bell-flower). Corolla bell-shaped 

 (rarely wheel-shaped), with 5 broad and shallow lobes ; 



