THE CARBONIFEROUS. 47 



2. Equivalents of the Millstone- Grit Series. 



1. The Serai Conglomerate of Rogers in Pennsylvania, etc. 



2. The Lower Coal Formation Conglomerate and Chester Groups of 



Illinois (Worthen). 



3. The Lower Carboniferous Sandstone of Kentucky, Alabama, and 



Virginia. 



4. The Millstone-grit and Yoredale Rocks of Northern England, 



and the Culmiferous of Devonshire. 



5. The Moor rock and Lower Coal Measures of Scotland. 



6. Flagstones and Lower Shales of the South of Ireland and Mill- 



stone-grit of the North of Ireland. 



7. The Jungste Graywacke of the Hartz, Saxony, and Silesia. 



The vegetable fossils of this group differ from those of the beds 

 below the marine limestones, and contain forms resembling or iden- 

 tical with those of the Middle Coal formation, into which, indeed, both 

 lithologically and as to fossils, the Millstone-grit passes by imper- 

 ceptible gradations. 



The distribution of these series in the Acadian Provinces may be 

 stated thus : — 



In Gaspe and the Bay de Chaleur and along the northern margin 

 of the New Brunswick Carboniferous district, the Lower Carboni- 

 ferous formation presents the characters of the Bonaventure forma- 

 tion of Sir William Logan, the marine limestones being absent or 

 little developed, and the prevailing rocks being conglomerates and 

 sandstones with few fossils. (Logan, Report of 1863 ; Robb, Report 

 of 1869; Acadian Geology, p. 227.) 



In Southern New Brunswick the Lower Carboniferous Coal- 

 measures are remarkable for the great thickness of bituminous and 

 bitumino-calcareous shales which they contain. These rocks hold 

 the remarkable vein of Albertite worked in this district. They con- 

 tain numerous remains of fishes, and also of the characteristic Lower 

 Carboniferous plants. (Bailey and Matthew, Report of 1871 ; 

 Acadian Geology, p. 231 ; see also Note 2.) 



In Southern New Brunswick and North-western Nova Scotia, the 

 Millstone-grit is also largely developed. At the South Joggins, 

 where this formation and the Middle Coal formation probably attain 

 their maximum thickness, the equivalent of the Millstone-grit occu- 

 pies in Sir William Logan's section a vertical thickness of no less than 

 5972 feet, and consists of red and gray sandstones, red and chocolate 

 shales and conglomerates, with some dark shales, underclays, bitu- 

 minous limestones, and thin unproductive coals. It contains species 

 of Sigillaria, Lepidodendron, Catamites Dadoxi/ton, and Cordaites. 



