ORO. — PAL.] 



ECHINODERMA TA. 



265 



magnus, Worthen, 1875, Geo. Sur. 111., 



vol. 6, p. 520, St. Louis Gr. 

 monroensis, Meek & Worthen, 1861, 



(Forbesiocrinus monroensis,) Proc. 



Acad. Nat. Sc-i. Phil., p. 130, and Geo. 



Sur. 111., vol. 2, p. 244, Keokuk Gr. 



Fig. 377.— Onychocrinus exculptus. Diagram. 



norwoodi, Meek & Worthen, 1860, (Forbes- 

 iocrinus norwoodi,) Proc. Acad. Nat. 

 Sci. Phil., p. 389, and Geo. Sur. 111., 

 vol. 2, p. 245, syn for O. exculptus. 

 ramulosus, Lyon & Casseday, 1859, 

 (Forbesiocrinus ramulosus,) Am. Jour. 

 Sci. and Arts, vol. 28, p. 235, Keokuk Gr. 

 Orophocrinus was proposed by von Seebach, 

 in 1864, in Nachr. k. Gesellsch. Wis- 

 sench. Gottingen, p. 110, for Pentre- 

 mites stelliformis, Owen & Shumard. 

 The definition was very imperfect, and 

 was made in a foreign language, in a 

 foreign country, and in a journal having 

 no circulation in America, where the 

 fossil occurs. The definition was so ob- 

 scure, its application to the species was 

 not noticed until Ludwig discovered it 

 in 1878, and probably never would have 

 been, had Meek & Worthen not de- 

 scribed the genus, under the name of 

 Codonites, in 1869, and illustrated it in 

 their great work on the Geology of Illi- 

 nois. Neither the publication or defi- 

 nition of von Seebach is such as to allow 

 Orophocrinus to stand in preference to 

 Codonites. 



Ottawacrinus, 

 W. R. Bill- 

 ings, 188 7, 

 Ottawa Nat. 

 Club, vol. 1, 

 p. 49. [Ety. 

 proper name; 

 krinon, lily.] 

 Calyx obcon- 

 ical, basals 5 ; subradials 1x5; radials 

 1x5; arms 5 ; azygous plate rests on a 



Fig. 378.— Ottawacriuus 

 typus. 



basal as in Dendrocrinus, and from 



which it is distinguished only by the 



arrangement of the plates on the azy- 

 gous side. Type O. typus. 

 typus, W. R. Billings, 1887, Ottawa Nat. 



Club, vol. 1, p. 49, Trenton Gr. 



Pachycrinus, Billings, 1859, Can. Org. 

 Rem., Decade 4, p. 22. [Ety. 

 pachys, thick ; krinon, lily.] Calyx 

 saucer-shaped ; basals 1x5; ra- 

 dials 1x5. Type P. crassi- 

 basalis. 

 crassibasalis, Billings, 1859, Can. 

 Org. Rem., Decade 4, p. 22, 

 Chazy Gr. 

 Pachylo crinus, Wachsmuth & 

 Springer, 1879, Proc. Acad. Nat. 

 Sci. Phil., p. 115. Proposed for 

 a division of Poteriocrinus of 

 less than generic importance, 

 but later the same authors re- 

 ferred their type to Woodo- 

 crinus. 

 Paljsaster, Hall, 1852, Pal. N. Y., 

 vol. 2, p. 247. [Ety. palaios, 

 ancient; aster, star.] Stellate, 

 disk small ; two ranges of plates 

 in each ambulacra! groove, and 

 two on either side, adambulacral 

 and marginal ; four ranges of 

 pores in each groove ; oral plates 



in pairs at the base of the rays ; dorsal 



plates polygonal, sometimes spinous, 



madreporic tubercle. Type P. niaga- 



rensis. 

 antiqua, Locke, 1846, (Asterias antiqua,) 



Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. 3, p. 38, 



Hud. Riv. Gr. Too poorly defined for 



determination, 

 antiquus, Troost, 1835, (Asterias antiqua,) 



Trans. Geo. Soc. Penn., vol. 1, p. 232, 



Hud. Riv. Gr. 

 clarkanus, S. A. Miller, 1880, Jour. Cin. 



Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 3, p. 236, Hud. 



Riv. Gr. 

 clarki, S. A. 



Miller, 



Jour. Cin. 



Soc. Nat. 



Hist., vol. 



1, p. 102, 



see Palse- 



aster 



clarkanus. 

 craw f ords- 



villensis, 



1 1RSO FlG - 379.— Pal Beaster crawfords- 



ler, 1S»U, villensis, showing madreporl- 



Jour. Cin. form tubercle. 



Soc. Nat, 



Hist, vol. 2, p. 256, Keokuk Gr. 



dubius, Miller & Dyer, 1878, Cont. to Pal., 

 No. 2, p. 256, Utica Slate Gr. 



dyeri, Meek, 1872, Am. Jour. Sci., 3d se- 

 ries, vol. 3, p. 257, and Ohio Pal., vol. 

 1, p. 58, Hud. Riv. Gr. 



eucharis, Hall, 1868, 20th Rep. N. Y. St. 

 Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 330, Ham. Gr. 



