ZEA. — ZOP.] 



ECHINODERMA TA. 



683 



lating face for the first brachial ; no 

 regular interradials. A quadrangular 

 azygous plate placed obliquely forms 

 part of the calyx, and a small plate 



Fig. 1252.— Ulocrinus buttsi. 



rests upon its upper angle at the top of 

 the calyx, and projects slightly above 

 the top of the first radials ; column 

 round. Type IT. buttsi, described at 

 the same place, from the Upper Coal 

 Meas. U. kansasensis is also described 

 at the same place, from the same rocks. 

 Zeacrinus commaticus, Z. pocillum, S. A. 



Miller, 1891, Bull. No. 4, Geo. Sur. Mo., 

 pp. 28, 36, Keokuk Gr. . 

 dubius, Miller & Gurley, 1890, Desc. New 

 Gen. and Spec. Echinodermata, p. 44, 

 and 16th Rep. Geo. Sur. Ind., 

 p. 361, Keokuk Gr. 

 faggi, Rowley & Hare, 1891, 

 Kansas City Scientist, p. 103, 

 Burlington Gr. 

 Zophoceinus, S. A. Miller, 1891, 

 Advance Sheets 17th Rep. Geo. 

 Sur. Ind., p. 32. [Ety. zophos, 

 dark, obscure; krinon, lily.] 

 Body ovate or pear shaped, 

 and covered by two circles of 

 plates and the vault. Basals 

 or first circle of plates 3, form- 

 ing an obconoidal cup, higher 

 than wide; two of the plates 

 are of equal size, at,d quadran- 

 gular; the other is larger and pen- 



Fig. 1253 — Ulocrinus kansasensis. 



Fig. 1254.— Zophocrinus howardi. Side and 

 summit views. 



tagonal ; second circle of plates 4, 

 3 pentagonal and 1 quadangular ; 

 they are horizontally truncated 

 on top, and bear a circle of nu- 

 merous pinnules surrounding a 

 convex vault. Seven plates con- 

 stitutethe test of the calyx. It 

 possessed a column with a small 

 columnar canal. Type Z. how- 

 ardi, described at the same place, 

 from the Niagara Gr. 



The paper entitled " Descriptions of New Species of Crinoidea, from investigations of 

 the Iowa Geological Survey, Preliminary Notice, by James Hall," dated February 25, 1861, 

 has never been published, as required by the laws of nomenclature, and is not, therefore, 

 entitled to recognition. It is a private pamphlet, that was never kept for sale, and was 

 not generally distributed among those conversant with the subject, and contains no figures 

 of any of the organisms, which, with such meagre and imperfect descriptions as the text 

 contains, would be absolutely necessary to enable an expert palaeontologist to determine 

 the organism intended to be named. Hall says, on page 10, that he published the ab- 

 stract of the descriptions to get ahead of the publications of the Geological Survey of 

 Illinois. A very selfish excuse for such poor work, and it does not add any vitality to "the 

 publication, which was never entitled to recognition under the laws of nomenclature, as 

 shown on page 95 of this work. One genus and two species have been redefined in valid 

 publications, and they will stand as of the date of the redefinition. The following names, 

 never having appeared with valid definitions, should be stricken out, as of no more value 

 than the names in a private catalogue: Actinocrinus carica, sometimes referred to Eret- 

 mocrinus; A. ovatus, A. multibrachiatus var. echinalus, A. lucina, A. thetis, A. thoas. A. quater- 

 narius var. spiniferus, A. themis; A. remibrachiatus, sometimes referred to Eretmocrinus ; A. 

 tenuiradiatus, sometimes referred to Strotocrinus or Teleiocrinus ; A. eryx, A. (Calathocrinut) 

 erodus, sometimes referred to Strotocrinus or Teleiocrinus; A. (Calathocrinus) insculptus, some- 

 times referred to Strotocrinus or Teleiocrinus; A. (Calathocrinus) allhea, sometimes referred 

 to Telei crinus; A. lagena, A. thalia ; A. maiuta, sometimes referred to Eretmocrinus; A. ma 

 tuta var. attenuata, sometimes referred to Eretmocrinus ; A. (?) tenuidiscus, A. securis, A. infre- 

 quent, A. locellw, A. dorrs, Platycrinus olla (name preoccupied), P. regalis, P. glypius, P. 

 calyculus, P. nodohrachiatus (name preoccupied), P. parvinodus, P. eminulus, P. aqualis (P. 

 eequalis in Geo. Sur. 111., vol. 5, p. 456), Synbathocrinus papillatus, Rhodocrinus wachsmulhi, 

 Heterocidaris keokuk, and H. Ixvispinus. All of the above, including Lepidechinus, L. im- 

 bricatus, and Protaster (?) barrisi, which have been since defined, in proper publications, are 



