periments in Russia with deep planting that leave 
this far behind, and even hint at transforming 
the wheat plant into a perennial. But leaving 
these extremes to the enthusiast or the experi- 
menter, we can double our wheat yield by nothing 
more difficult than a better system of farming. 
The essentials of it are a study of soils and seeds, 
so as to adapt one to the other; a diversification 
of industry, including the cultivation of different 
crops and the raising of live stock; a careful ro- 
tation of crops, so that the land will not be worn 
out by successive years of single cropping; intel- 
ligent fertilizing by this system of rotation, by 
cultivating leguminous plants and above all by 
the economy and use of every particle of fertiliz- 
ing material from the stock barns and yards; a 
careful selection of grain used for seed; and, first 
of all in importance, the substitution of the small 
farm, thoroughly tilled, for the large farm, with 
its weeds, its neglected corners, its abused soil 
and its thin product. The last makes room for 
the new population, whose added product will help 
to restore our place as an exporter of foodstuffs. 
The fruit farmer, the truck farmer, every culti- 
vator of the soil who has specialized his work has 
learned to put these rules into practice as a mat- 
ter of course. How to impress their force upon 
the thirty million or more persons who cultivate 
the land in this country is the problem. It is no 
longer one of method. Science has settled that, 
15 
