34 



CLASSES AND ORDERS OF LINN^US. 



tillate ; the latter being necessary to the perfection of the 

 fruit. 

 5. SEGREGATA. Florets separated from each other by partial 



calyxes, or each floret having a perianth. 



The orders of the 18th class, Gynandria, of the 19th class, 

 Monoecia, and the 20th class, Dioecia, like those of the 15th 

 and 16th classes, depend on the number of stamens. 



The orders of the 21st class, Cryptogamia, constitute six na- 

 tural families. 



1. FILICES, includes all Ferns, having the fruit on the 

 leaves. 



2. Musci,- Mosses. 



3. HEPATICAE, Liverworts, or succulent mosses. 



4. ALGAE, Sea- weeds, and frog spittle. 



5. LICHENES, Lichens, found growing on the barks of old 

 trees, old wood, &c. 



6. FUNGI, Mushrooms, mould, blight, &c. . 



No confusion is produced in taking the character of some 

 classes, for orders in other classes ; for example : if you have 

 a flower with ten stamens, united by their filaments into one set, 

 you know by the definition of the classes that it belongs to the 

 class Monadelphia, you can then, because it has ten stamens, 

 place it in the order, Decandria. 



Having explained the principles on which the artificial 

 classes and orders are founded, we will now place them before 

 you, in a synoptical or general view. 



'SYNOPSIS OF THE CLASSES AND ORDERS OF LINNAEUS." 

 CLASSES. ORDERS. 



1. MONANDRIA, 1 stamen. 



2. DIANORIA, 2. 



Number of 

 Stamens. 



Number and 

 Position. 



Number and 

 relative 

 Length. ' 



3. TRIANDRIA, 3. 



4. TKTRANDRIA, 4. 

 />. I'KNTANDRIA, 5. 



6. HEXANDRIA, 6. 



7. HEPTANDRIA, 7. 



8. QCTANDRIA, 8. 



9. ENNF.ANDRIA, 9. 



10. DECANDRIA, 10. 



11. ICOSANDRIA, over 10 

 stamens, on the calyx. 



12. PoLYANDRiA,many sta- 

 mens, not on the calyx. 



Number of styles ; if styles arc 

 wanting, number of sessile stig- 



mas. Monogynia, 1 style or one 

 sessile stigma. Digynia, 2. Tri- 

 gynia, 3. Tetragynia, 4. Pcn- 

 tagynia, 5. Hexagynia, 6. llep- 

 tagynia, 7. Octogynia, 8. Enne- 

 agynia, 9. Decagynia, 10. Poly- 

 gynia, any number over 10. 



13. DIDYNAMIA, 4 stamens I 1. Gymnospermia, seeds naked. 



2 of them longest. 1 2. Angiospermia, seeds in cap- 



14. TKTRADYNAMIA, 6 sta- | sules. 



mens,4 of them longest. | 1. Siliculosa, pod short. 



J 2. Siliquosa, pod long. 



Of the classes Gynandria, Monoecia, and Dicecia Of the class Cryptogamia 

 Synopsis of artificial classes and orders. 



