04 OF BUDS. 



You have here a description of this wonderful tree, which is 

 said to have given shelter to an army of seventy thousand men. 

 Fig. 27. 



Ficus 1 n< lie i is. 



All the varieties of stems which We have now considered may 

 be included under two divisions; 1st. such as grow externally, 

 having their wood arranged in concentric layers, the oldest be- 

 ing in the centre of the trunk and the newest forming the outer 

 layer. This kind of stem may be seen in the oak and other 

 forest trees in our climate, and also in most of our common 

 herbaceous plants ; these spring from seeds with two cotyle- 

 dons, and are called dicotyledons. 



2d. Stems which grow internally ', as palms and grasses, their 

 wood instead of circling around the first formed substance, is 

 pushed outwards by the developement of new fibres in the cen- 

 tre of the stem ; this kind of stem belongs to plants whose 

 seeds have but one cotyledon, and which are therefore called 

 monocotyledons. * 



LECTURE VIII. 



Of Buds. 



Most leaves and flowers proceed from scaly coverings called 

 buds. The scales envelope each other closely ; the exterior 



* These two kinds of stem have by some French botanists been called exo- 

 genous and endogenous ; these words are derived from the Greek ; the first 

 signifying to grow externally, the second to grow internally. 



Stems included in two divisions Stems of dicotyledons Of monocotyle- 

 dons. 



