116 



CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS. 



CLASS 1. GYMNOCARPS, 

 Or fruits not concealed. 



ORDER 1st. CARCERULARES (from career, a prison), simple 

 fruits which never open spontaneously. 



This order includes the fruits of syngenesious plants, of the 

 grasses, fyc. 



Fig. 68. 



Cypsda (Fig. 68), repre- 

 sents a fruit of this genus ; it 

 is of the syngenesious family ; 

 the pericarp (a) is turbinute 

 (shaped like a top); its sur- 

 face is pubescent and furrow. 

 1 : it is /' ndehiscent (not O{>en- 

 ing when ripe), and monosper- 

 mous (having one seed) ; t he- 

 egret (c) is sessile and plumose. 

 The embryo is dycutyledoncvs 

 and fleshy. At b, is the same pericarp, cut longitudinally and 

 exposing an inner half of one of the cotyledons. 



Cerion, is the fruit of corn and the grasses ; in this genus the 

 embryo is situated upon the side of the seed. 



Carcerula, the characters of this genus are variable: tin 

 buck-wheat (polygonum) is one example. 



Fig. 69. 



ORDER 2d. (' . simple 



fruits, having capsules which open when 

 in a mature state. 



Capsule. You see here (Fig. 60), a 

 capsular fruit ; it is the seed of the mar- 

 Q lily (Li H : " ivpre- 



sents the r . . - it appears in ;i 



mature state; I the same, cut trans- 

 ly, showing the .seeds. 



Among the genera in this order, are, 



Legume, which is a bivalved pericarp, having its seeds at- 



Order Carcerulares Genera belonging to this order Genera in the order 

 Capsulares Describe the Legume. 



