1^4 CLASSIFICATION OF FRUITS. 



Genus, -j 1. Drupe. 



ORDER 7. BACCATI, simple, succulent fruits, containing 

 many separate seeds. 



f 1. Pyridion, 

 Genera, < 2. Pepon, 

 ( 3. Berry. 

 CLASS II. Fruits uncovered, or ANGIOCARPS. 



II. Calybion, 

 2. Strobilum, 

 3. Sycone, 

 4. Sorose. 



Linnceus' classification of fruits. 



Linnaeus divided pericarps or fruits into the nine following 

 classes ; Capsule, Silique, Legume, Follicle, Drupe, Nut, Pome, 

 Berry and 8irobilum. 



1st. CAPSULE, signifies a little chest or casket ; this is a hol- 

 low pericarp, which spontaneously opens by pores, as the pop- 

 py, or -by scales, as in the mullein. The capsules in opening 

 divide externally into one or more pieces, called valves; the 

 internal divisions of the capsule are called cells; these are the 

 chambers appropriated for the reception of the seeds ; accord- 

 ing to the number of these cells, the capsule is one-celled, two- 

 celled, &c. The membranes by which the capsule is divided 

 into cells are called dissepiments', or partitions ; these partitions 

 are either parallel to the valves or contrary. The columella 

 is the central pillar in a capsule, and is the part which connects 

 the several internal partitions with the seed. It takes its rise 

 from the receptacle, and has the seed fixed to it all around.* 



2d. SILIQUE, or sihqua, is a two-valved pericarp or pod, 

 with the seeds attached alternately to its opposite edge, as mus- 

 tard and radish. The proper silique is two-celled, being fur- 

 nished with a partition which runs the whole length of this 

 kind of pericarp ; there are some exceptions to this, as in the 

 celandine. Silicic (silicula, a little pod,) is distinguished by 

 being shorter than the proper silique ; it is almost round, as in 

 shepherd's purse. This difference in the form of the Silique 

 and Silicic is the foundation of the distinction of the orders in 

 the class Tetradynamia.f 



3d. LEGUME, is a pericarp of two valves, with the seeds at- 

 tached only to one suture or seam ; as the pea. In this cir- 

 cumstance it differs from the Silique, which has its seeds affixed 



* The capsule of Linnaeus corresponds to the order Capsulares of Jussieu's 

 division. 



t See genus Silique, asdesciibed under the order Capsulares of Jussieu. 



Linnaeus' division of pericarps Capsule Silique Legume. 



