NATURAL FAMILIES. 1&3 



as the Painted-cup (Bartsia), the beautiful Gerardia, American 

 fox-glove, and the magnificent Bignonia (Trumpet flower). 

 The plants of this family seem to be somewhat allied to those 

 of the class Pentandria ; in many of these, as in the snapdragon 

 (Antirrhinum), the Penstemon, ,&c., there exist the rudiments 

 of a fifth stamen, in accordance with the five divisions of the 

 calyx and corolla. Some plants of this division of the Labiate 

 family are poisonous, as the Foxglove and Snapdragon. The 

 pericarp of the Labiate plants is of the genus Cenobion.* 



CLASS 9. 



Corolla monopetalous, perigynous (around the germ). The. 

 calyx is of one leaf, and supports the corolla. 



In this class we meet with the family Campanulas ; its 

 principal genus is CAMPANULA, a term derived from the Latin, 

 signifying a little bell. The bell-form corollas have mostly a 

 calyx above the germ ; regular corolla, inserted into the top 

 of the calyx ; stamens 5, inserted into the same part, under 

 the corolla, alternating with its divisions ; style one ; stigma 

 from three to five cleft ; capsule usually 3 celled, bursting 

 laterally. 



CLASS 10. 



Corolla montipetafous, epigynous (above the germ). Anthers 

 united. 



This class contains several families which may all be incliv 

 ded under the general term compound flowers. This great 

 division of the vegetable world, includes an immense number 

 of important and valuable genera. The term compound, re- 

 lates to the arrangement of the flowers, which are so closely 

 connected, as to have the appearance of one single flower. 

 From the union of their stamens, these flowers are also called 

 Syngenesious. The compound flowers have, by botanists, been 

 distinguished under the three heads, of semi-flosculous (having 

 ligulate florets) ; flosculous (having tubular florets) ; and radi- 

 ated, having tubular florets in the centre, and ligulate at the 

 circumference, the latter resembling rays. 



The semi-flosculous division contains a milky juice, which is 

 bitter and of a narcotic quality ; as the lettuce (Lactuca), and 

 dandelion; their florets are all of one colour. 



The flosculous division usually exhibit in their leaves and 

 roots, a predominance of the bitter principle, as the burdock 

 (arctium) ; their florets are also of one colour. 



* See Mirbel's classification of fruits, order 5 of the class Gyranocarps. 



Characters of class 9th Campanulacse Characters of class tenth Com- 

 pound flowers How divided Semi-flosculous Flosculous. 



