364 CLASS XVIII. ORDER I. 



base ; ray florets numerous. Ray florets always yellow. 49. 55 (elecam- 

 pane). *% 



AS"TER. Calyx imbricate, the inferior scales generally spA-Mng ; egret 

 simple, pilose; receptacle often deep pitted. Florets of the ray iBGre than 10, 

 except in solidagonoides, and a few other species ; colour purple or white, 

 never yellow. 49. 55 (star-flower). S. 



SOLIDA'GO. Calyx oblong or sub-cylindric, with oblong, narrow, pointed 

 straight scales, imbricate, closed upon the flower ; ray florets about 5, and 

 fewer than 10, lanceolate, 2 toothed, equal to, or shorter than the culyx ; fila- 

 ments capillary, very short ; style thread form, equalling the length of the 

 stamens, stigma cleft, spreading ; egret simple, pilose, scabrous ; receptacle 

 furrowed with dots or punctures ; seeds oblong ovate, (yellow.) 49. 55 

 (golden rod). S. 



TUSSILA'GO. Calyx simple, swelling ; scales equal, and equalling the disk,, 

 sub-membranous ; pistillate florets ligulate or without teeth ; egret simple, 

 sessile. 49. 55 (Sometimes polygamous;. (coltsfoot). 



GH&VSAN"THEMUM. .Calyx hemispherical, imbricate, with the scales mem- 

 branous at the margin ; egret none, or a narrow margin. 49. 55 (ox-eyed 

 daisy, fever-few). & 



Exotic. ' 



BEL"LIS. Calyx hemispherical ; scales equal ; egret ; receptacle conical ; 

 seed obovate. 49. 45 (garden daisy). 



TAGE'TES. Calyx simple, 1 leafed, 5 toothed, tubular : florets of the ray 

 about 5, permanent ; egret 5 erect awns. 49. 55. (marygold). 

 (Receptacle chaffy or hairy.) 



AN"THEMIS. Calyx hemispherical; scales with scarious margins, nearly 

 equal ; egret 0, or a membranous margin : florets of the ray more than 5 ; re- 

 ceptacle chaffs flat, with a rigid acuminate apex ; need crowned with a mem- 

 branous border or egret. 49. 55 (may- weed, chamomile). <S. 



ACHILLE'A. Calyx imbricate, ovate unequal ; egret ; florets of the ray 5 

 to 10, roundish, dilated (Flowers corymbed). 49.55 (yarrow). S. 



HELIOP"SIS. Calyx imbricate, with ovate linear lined scales ; ray florets 

 linear, large ; receptacle diaffy, conic ; the chaffs lanceolate ; seeds 4 sided ; 

 egret 0. 49, 55 (sun-ray). S. 



HELE'NIUM. Calyx 1 leafed, many parted ; egret 5 awned, chaffy leaves ; 

 receptacle globose, naked in the disk, and chaffy in the ray only ; florets of 

 the ray half 3 cleft ; seed villose. (J^aves decurrent). 49. 55 (false sun- 

 flower). 5. 



ORDER III. POLYGAMIA FRU8TRANEA. 



HELIAN"THDS. Calyx imbricate, sub-squarrose, leafy; receptacle flat, 

 .chaffy ; egret 2 leaved, chaff like, caducous 49. 55 (sunflower, Jerusalem 

 artichoke). S. 



RUDBECK"IA. Calyx consisting of a double order of leafcts or scales ; re- 

 ceptacle chaffy, conic ; egret a 4 toothed margin, or 0. 49. 55 (cone 

 flower). S. 



Exotic. 



CENTAU"REA. Calyx various, mostly imbricate, roundish ; egret simple, 

 various : receptacle bristly ; corollas of the ray, funnel shape, longer, irregular. 

 49. 54 '(blue bottle, blessed thistle). 



ORDER IV. POLYGAMIA NECESSARIA. 



Exotic. 



CALEN"DULA. Calyx many leaved, equal ; receptacle naked ; egret none ; 

 seeds of the disk membranaceous. 49. 55 (pot marygold). 



ORDER. V. POLYGAMIA SEGREGATA. 



ELEPHAN"TOPUS. Partial calyx 4 flowered ; florets 5 cleft, ligulate, perfect ; 

 receptacle naked ; down setaceous. 49. 55 (elephant- foot). S. 



CLASS XVIII. GYNANDRIA. 



ORDER I. MONANDRIA. 



A. Anther adnate, sub-terminal, not caducous ; tnasses of pollen affixed by the 



base, and made up of angular particles. 



OR"CHIS. Corolla ringent like, upper petal vaulted ; lip dilated, spurred be- 

 neath : masses of pollen 2, adnate, terminal, 7, 21 (orchis). S. 



