370 CLASS XXI. ORDER VI. 



D. The section CONFERVOIDE^E comprises the plants of the eld genus Conferva. 

 Fruit capsular or naked granulations. Fronds Jiliform and geniculate, con- 

 taining the fruit immersed in them, generally strung on Uireads ; mostly of 

 a grass-green or greenish colour, sometimes purple. They grow in freah 

 water streams, springs, ditches, and stagnant waters ; sometimes in damp 

 woods, and some in the sea. 



CONFER"VA. Filaments articulated, uniform, simple or branched ; contain- 

 ing the seed within them. No external fruit. 57. 2. 



E. The section TREMELLINJE comprises the old genus TremeUa. Plants of this 

 section are all gelatinous, hyaline, and covered with a membrane. They art- 

 globose, palmate, or filiform ; and contain conferva-like Jilaments within. 

 Colour green or purplish. They resemble Conferooidea in habit and place of 

 growth. 



NOS"TOO. Filaments monili-form, constituted from coadunate globules. 

 Fronds bul late, vesicular (at length becoming flattened), crowded with simple 

 monili-fonn, curve-criaped filaments. 57. 2. 



ORDER V. LICHENEB. 



GYROPH"OIU. Frond foliaceous, coriaceous-cartilaginous, peltate, mono- 

 phyllous, (when luxuriant, polyphyllous) free beneath ; receptacles (buttons) 

 somewhat shield-form, sessile-aanate, clothed with a dark membmnacoons car- 

 tilage, including a somewhat solid parenchymous substance ; disk warty or 

 circinal, plicate and margined. 57. 2. 



PARME'LIA Frond coriaceous, sub-membranaceous, flat, expanded, close- 

 pressed, orbicular, stellate and lobed, or multifid-laciniate, having fibres be- 

 neath : receptacle shield-form, sub-membranaceous, formed under-side from 

 the frond, free, with a central puncture by which it is affixed ; seed-bearing 

 lamina forming the disk, concave, coloured, covering the whole receptacle 

 above, within similar, sub-cellular and striate, cut round, indexed with a frond- 

 like margin. 57. 2 



CETRA'RIA. Frond cartilaginous or membranaceous, ascending or expand- 

 ed ; lobe laciniatc, smooth and naked both sides : receptacle* (targets) shield 

 like obliquely attached to the margin of the frond, the lower free, being sepa- 

 rate! from it, the upper one sessile ; seed bearing lamina forming the disk, 

 coloured, piano concave, within similar or cellular striate, surrounded with a 

 frond like indexed margin. 57. 2. 



CENOMY'CE Frond crusty or cartilaginous, foliaceous, laciniate, sub-imbri- 

 cate free (ran ly adnate) : bearing sub-hstulous peduncles (podetin\ both bar- 

 ren and fertile : receptacles (knobs) orbicular, without margins, at length con- 

 vox and capitate, inflated or empty beneath, terminal attached to the peduncles 

 by their peripheries : seed bearing lamina forming the receptable above thick- 

 ish, coloured, similar within, convex, reflexed and attached at the periphery, 

 invested beneath with the woolly integument of the frond. 57. 2. 



B^EMV'CES. Frond crustaceous, flat, expanded, adnate : bearing soft, solid, 

 fertile peduncles (podetia) : receptacles (knobs) capitate, without margins, 

 solid, terminal, sessile on the peduncles ; seed bearing lamina covering the 

 whole receptacle and adnate to it, convex reflexed, thickish, coloured, similar 

 within. 57. 2. 



I"S".VE A. Frond sub-crustaceous, teretish, branched, mostly pendulous : cen- 

 tral part hyaline, elastic composed of fascicles of tubes : receptacles orbicular, 

 terminal, peltate, formed wholly from the frond, covered all over with its cor- 

 rieal substance, similar, nearly of an uniform colour ; its periphery destitute of 

 margin, but often surrounded by a ciliate edging. 57. 2. 



ORDER VI. FUNGI. 



LYCOPER"DON. "Receptacle somewhat caulescent, at length bursting at tho 

 top. with scaly warts or priekles scattered over its surface, especially when 

 young. Seminal dust green. 58. 1. 



MU'COR. Receptacle membranaceous, globose, stiped, at first watery and 

 pellucid, then opake ; seeds naked, sub-cohering. Very minute and fuga- 

 cious. 58. 1. 



TRE'DO. Receptacle ; seminal dust under the cuticle of leaves and stems, 

 When raptured it is easily brushed off; the little masses of seeds uniform, 

 mostly globose. 58. 1. 



