414 YINCA, VIOLA. 



erect, strong ; legumes ascending, tumid, coriaceous ; leafets oval, acute r en- 

 tire ; stipules sagittate, toothed at the ba.se. From Persia. 

 51. VINCA. 30. 47. 



Exotic. 



mi'nor (periwinkle, b. Ap. >), stem procumbent ; leaves lance oval, smooth at 

 the edges ; flowers peduncled ; teeth of the calyx lanceolate. 



51. VIOLA. 29. 80. 

 1. Stemless, or with a subterranean stem. 



(Leaves more or less reniform, always cordate, younger cucullatc : proper 

 colour of the corolla violet.) 



cvcullu'ta (O. p. b. M. 4), glabrous ; leaves cordate, somewhat acuminate, cre- 

 nate dentate ; autumnal ones largest, very exactly reniform ; peduncle some- 

 what 4 sided, longer than the leaves ; divisions of the calyx subulate, acumi- 

 nate, emarginaic behind or very entire : petals (as in many American species) 

 oblique, veiny, very entire, white at the base, upper one generally naked, 

 glabrous, lateral ones bearded, and with the upper one marked with a few 

 blue lines. Var. jxipiiionarea, petioles and peduncles longer ; leaves sub- 

 lance ovate ; beards of the lateral petals often yellow. Var. tetragona, pe- 

 duncle strong, exactly 4 sided ; petals azure colour, veinless. Var. villosa, 

 leaves, petals and peduncles villose. 4 8 i. S. 



palmu'ta (O. p-b. M. 4), mostly villose ; leaves heart reniform, palmate, 5 7 

 lobed ; lobes polymorphous, often narrow, and gashed, middle one always 

 larger; sometimes villose both sides, sometimes only beneath, often glabrous, 

 all of them very often purple beneath ; the first spring ones are ovate, entire ; 

 petioles sub-emargiuate ; peduncle somewhat 4 sided, longer than the leaves ; 

 divisions of the calyx lance ovate, ciliate, very entire behind ; petals all 

 very entire, veiny, and white at the base, upper ones narrower, smaller, 

 aometimes villose at the base, yet oflen naked, glabrous ; lateral ones densely 

 bearded, and with the upper one, marked with a few blue lines. One variety 

 has white flowers. 36 i. S. 



(Leaves oblong or ovate, never reniform : younger ones cucullate.) 



sagitta'ta (E. b-p. Ap. 4), glabrous ; leaves ciliate, oblong, not acute, sagittate 

 cordate, dentate, gashed at the base (or furnished with elongated divaricate 

 teeth); peduncle somewhat 4 sidt-d, longer t him the leaves ; divisions of the 

 calyx lanceolate, acuminate, emarginate behind ; petals all very entire, veiny, 

 white at the base ; upper one generally naked, glabrous ; lateral ones densely 

 bearded, and with the upper one marked with a few blue lines ; spur elon- 

 gated behind. A variety has the leaves more or less villose. Dry. 



(Leaves ovate or lanceolate : corolla white, with lha lateral petals narrower.) 



ama.'na (E. w. Ap. 4), glabrous : leaves ovate sub-acuminate, crenate, some- 

 times sub- villose above . petioles long, spotted with red, peduncle somewhat 

 4 sided, equalling or exceeding the length of the leaves spotted : divisions 

 of the calyx lanceolate; petals all very entire, green at the base : lateral one* 

 sometimes with the base pubescent, and with the upper one marked with a 

 few blue lines. Moist woods. Flowers odorous. 

 (Stemless.) 



rotundifo'lia (O. M. y. 4), glabrous ; leaves thickish, appressed to the earth, 

 broad ovate or orbicular, cordate, crenate ; nerves pubescent beneath ; sinus 

 closed ; peduncle somewhat 4 sided, as long as the leaves ; divisions of the 

 calyx oblong, obtuse ; petals sometimes emarginate ; upper ones small ; lateral 

 ones somewhat bearded, and with the upper one, marked with a few yellow- 

 ish brown lines; spur very short. Woods. 1 3 i. 



peda'ta (O. M. p-b. 4), glabrous ; leaves sometimes ciliate, variously divided, 

 very often pedately 9 parted ; divisions linear, and obtusely lanceolate, gene- 

 rally 3 lobed at the apex, often simply lanceolate, with the apex, 5 7 lobed, 

 peduncle somewhat 4 sided ; divisions of the calyx lanceolate, acute ciliate, 

 emarginate behind ; petals all white at the base, veinless, very entire, very 

 glabrous, nakod ; upper one truncate, and marked with a few very blue 

 fines, sometimes obsolete. Var. velutina, has the two lower petals of a very 

 deep violet colour, and appears like velvet. Var. alba, has white flowers. 

 Dry. 3-4 i. 5. 



