26 FARM ANIMALS 



Carbo-hydrates is the term used to denote 

 nutritive compounds containing carbon, oxygen, 

 and hydrogen in certain proportions. The most 

 familiar examples of the carbo-hydrates are the 

 starches and sugars and these are the carbo- 

 hydrate elements which are of the greatest value 

 in feeding stuffs. 



Ether-extract as used in literature on the feeding 

 of animals includes various oils and fats in feeding 

 stuffs which can be extracted by means of ether. 

 The amount of fat in various plants varies greatly. 

 In general there is a larger amount of oil and fat 

 in grains and seeds than in coarse fodders and 

 still less in roots and fruits. Seeds of cotton, rape, 

 mustard and flax contain large quantities of fat 

 and similarly with beans and other leguminous 

 seeds. Among grains, corn and oats contain 

 large amounts of fat. 



Crude fiber is the tough, fibrous part of plants 

 and consists largely of cellulose and woody tissue. 

 Obviously the amount of crude fiber in a plant 

 depends to a large extent on the stage of growth at 

 which it is harvested. In general, coarse fodders 

 contain more crude fiber than grains. 



All animals require a considerable variety of 

 feeds in order to thrive best and most economically. 

 Rations compounded on a proper basis according 

 to the nutritive value are said to be balanced. 

 The balancing of a ration implies that a proper 

 amount of protein is obtained along with the fats 

 and carbo-hydrates. All writers on the feeding 

 of animals, use the term nutritive ratio in this 

 connection to indicate the ratio between the 

 digestible protein and the other digestible matter 

 in any particular feeding stuff. In calculating 

 the nutritive ratio, it has been found that fats 



