FARM ANIMALS 47 



pith removed and ground into a coarse meal, may 

 be mixed directly with the grain ration so that all 

 the different elements necessary in the horse ration 

 are fed at the same time. In tests of this material 

 it has proved a very desirable form in which to 

 feed corn fodder. 



Cowpea hay contains so much protein that it 

 may be used to some extent to replace grain. In 

 fact, as the result of some tests of cowpea hay it 

 appears that this forage is equal to bran in feeding 

 value. As a rule, however, no coarse forage, how- 

 ever nitrogenous, can completely replace all of the 

 grain in the ration, especially in the case of horses 

 which are accustomed to receive a ration contain- 

 ing a considerable amount of whole or ground 

 grain. 



It is generally desirable that hay should be fed 

 for the most part at night, small rations in the 

 morning and none at noon. This arrangement 

 is to be recommended on account of the fact that 

 when hay is eaten in considerable quantities at the 

 same time with grain it may carry some of the grain 

 through the stomach before it is completely di- 

 gested. Horses soon become accustomed to eating 

 their grain ration without hay at noon and in the 

 morning they need but little hay if they have been 

 fed a suitable ration the night before. As already 

 indicated hay may be cut into short lengths and 

 mixed with the grain. There is no objection to 

 this practice and in the case of clover hay its di- 

 gestibility seems to be somewhat increased. With 

 some horses, however, the sharp ends of the cut 

 pieces appear to make the mouth sore. Millet hay 

 as well as the grain is usually recommended as 

 a valuable feed and excepting for one experience 

 in North Dakota no complaint has been made 



