TREES TO USE IN STARTING WOODLOTS 63 



extensive burns have destroyed the trees planting will be 

 necessary. The native white spruce will do well planted in 

 pure stands. It is easily grown in nurseries. Three year old 

 transplants should be used spaced 6 feet by 6 feet. The Nor- 

 way spruce has been used extensively for this purpose. There 

 are many abandoned fields in the region on which it will be 

 advisable to plant spruce for pulpwood and lumber. The 

 southern portion of the region is hilly rather than mountain- 

 ous. The soils are much better, a large percentage being 

 devoted to agriculture. The forests are broken up into small- 

 sized areas, there being many farm woodlots. The same 

 species are found as in the northern portion, but in different 

 proportions, and in addition several trees occur that creep 

 up from the south, such as red oak, ash and basswood. Sugar 

 maple often forms a large part of the forest on the better 

 soils. It is often grown for the production of maple sugar. 

 Plantings should be made on the old fields, of which there 

 are a large number, and to fill in and restock wornout wood- 

 lots and those containing inferior species. The better kinds 

 of hardwoods native to the region can be used for planting 

 for cordwood and posts, and for lumber Norway pine, white 

 pine, white spruce and Norway spruce. 



The White Pine Region of the Northeast. This comprises 

 southeastern Maine, most of Massachusetts, northeast Con- 

 necticut and the central portions of New York and Pennsyl- 

 vania. White pine is the typical tree of the region, it being 

 in its optimum region. It is often found growing pure, 

 especially on the poorer soils, and is usually mixed with many 

 hardwood trees on the better soils as well as with other coni- 

 fers. The region contains a large percentage of agricultural 

 soils. In Pennsylvania there are many extensive and con- 

 tinuous mountain forests and much burned-over waste lands. 

 There are many abandoned fields, and a farm is rare that 

 does not have some land better suited for growing forest 

 trees than for farm crops. White pine would be the natural 



