130 The Ohio Journal of Science [Vol. XIX, "No. 2, 



into a thin sheet of charcoal, lying between the mud flow and 

 the old surface of the ground. Some of the trees engulfed had 

 been a foot in diameter, but they were as completely charred 

 as the fine twigs. (See pages 126, 127, 129, 132, 133 and 134). 

 Upon finding this evidence that the flow had consisted of 

 hot mud, we began to wonder whether the Katmai Mud Flow 

 had likewise had a high temperature. It was with great interest, 

 therefore, that we awaited an opportunity to examine the 

 Katmai Flow again to see if we had overlooked evidence of 



Photograph by J. W. Shipley 



ACROSS THE MUD FLOW NEAR THE LOWER END. 



The bare surface of the mud contrasting with the forested slopes beyond and 

 the definite level of the opposite edge are characteristic. The mounds in 

 the middle of the flow are small fumaroles which have caught and cemented 

 together piles of the ash blown before the wind. 



such a character. But when we re-examined it, we found that 

 in this respect it was altogether different from the Great Mud 

 Flow. The wood which it had buried was as white and clean as 

 though bleached in the sun. Its mud had been cold, therefore, 

 just as would be expected of mud soaked up by excessive 

 rains. 



It was now fully proven that the tuff lying on the Valley 

 floor was a mud flow of stupendous proportions, but this cer- 

 tainty, instead of settling our problems, had raised a host of 

 new questions more puzzling than the original ones. The fact 

 that it had completed its course down the Valley before the 

 ashfall, by removing the possibility of its having come from the 



