HOW TO RAISE A CALF ON SKIM MILK 65 



may be added to the value of any calf during the 

 first year. The total increase by this means would 

 amount to millions of dollars to the dairy farmers of 

 the State. Young calves need whole milk for the 

 first few days," adds Professor Otis. " Skim milk 

 is a cheap feed for calves, but should be carefully 

 fed in limited quantities and only while it is warm 

 and sweet. Skim milk may form the principal diet 

 of the calf for six months or even longer. The best 

 skim milk is that which is fresh from the separator 

 and still warm. Experiments show that it is only 

 one-fourth as expensive to raise calves on skim 

 milk as on whole milk. Two Ibs. of grain with the 

 proper amount of skim milk equal in feed value 

 i Ib. of butter fat. The grain for calves should be 

 fed first while the calf is quite small. High-priced 

 concentrates are unnecessary and give no better 

 results than corn meal, oats, bran, barley, etc., when 

 fed correctly. The roughage or hay shouhl first be 

 fed when the calf begins to eat grain. Corn silage 

 is an excellent calf feed when fed in moderate 

 amounts. Good pasture is essential after four or 

 six months. The management of the calf during 

 the first year has much to do with its later useful- 

 ness. Plenty of water and salt should be given in 

 clean vessels. Sudden changes of diet should 

 be avoided and regularity in feeding should be 

 practised." 



