QUADRUMANA. 



monkeys proper, that is, all except the Lemuridae, are 

 characterized by oblique nostrils, which are near to- 

 gether, a human-like system of teeth, thirty-two in num- 

 ber, by the presence of cheek-pouches in many species, 

 and by the absence in all cases -of a prehensile tail. 

 They comprise the highest of the Quadrumana, or those 

 which bear the closest resemblance to Man, and may be 

 divided into two groups, according to the absence or 

 presence of a tail. 



i. Tailless or Anthropoid Apes. The members of this 

 group have no cheek-pouches, no callosities, and their 

 fore legs or arms are much longer than the hind ones. 

 The Genera are Troglodytes, including the Chimpanzee 

 and Gorilla, and Simia, which includes the Orang- 

 Outang, and Hylobates, including the Gibbons. 



The Chimpanzee, T. niger, Geoffroy, of tropical West- 

 ern Africa, is four to five feet high when erect, cov- 

 ered with dark hair, 

 lives in troops, con- 

 structs huts of leaves 

 and branches, arms it- 

 self with clubs and 

 stones, and thus re- 

 pulses the attacks of 

 man and other ene- 

 mies. When domesti- 

 cated, the Chimpanzee 

 learns to walk, sit, and 

 eat like a human be- 



Skull of Chimpanzee, T. niger, Geoff. 



ing. 



The Gorilla, T. gorilla, Savage, of tropical Western 

 Africa, is five to six feet high, and its heavy frame, large 

 and powerful jaws, wary and ferocious disposition, and 

 gigantic muscular strength, render it one of the most for- 

 midable of all the apes. 



Fig. 17- 



